Homeostatic neuro-metasurfaces for dynamic wireless channel management

Abstract

The physical basis of a smart city, the wireless channel, plays an important role in coordinating functions across a variety of systems and disordered environments, with numerous applications in wireless communication. However, conventional wireless channel typically necessitates high-complexity and energy-consuming hardware, and it is hindered by lengthy and iterative optimization strategies. Here, we introduce the concept of homeostatic neuro-metasurfaces to automatically and monolithically manage wireless channel in dynamics. These neuro-metasurfaces relieve the heavy reliance on traditional radio frequency components and embrace two iconic traits: They require no iterative computation and no human participation. In doing so, we develop a flexible deep learning paradigm for the global inverse design of large-scale metasurfaces, reaching an accuracy greater than 90%. In a full perception-decision-action experiment, our concept is demonstrated through a preliminary proof-of-concept verification and an on-demand wireless channel management. Our work provides a key advance for the next generation of electromagnetic smart cities.

Perspective on Meta-Boundaries

“…One rising tendency for the further exploration of meta-boundary is the investigation of active (or temporal) meta-boundary, which is temporally modulated and thus whose corresponding surface conductivity is a function of time. Due to the existence of time modulation, the active meta-boundaries can be exploited to realize exotic performance, including the dynamical beam steering, nonreciprocal transmission of light, real-time on-chip communications, and Doppler-like frequency shift of light. − Figure a shows that the active meta-boundary can tune the frequency of reflected light and converge the reflected light into any predesigned focal point …”

Uncertainty Qualification for Metasurface Design with Amendatory Bayesian Network

“…Metasurfaces, shoot to fame after the generalization of fundamental Snell's law, [6] providing a flexible way to control electromagnetic (EM) waves and initiating a more compatible and planar designing paradigm. Due to the advantage of negligible thickness, better integrability, and lower insertion losses [7,8] these years have witnessed a blossoming development in a myriad of exciting applications, such as invisibility cloak, [9][10][11] highspeed wireless communication, [12] bioelectronics, [13] quantum photonics, [14] and even eyepiece in augmented reality, [15] and so on. [16,17] To pursue suitable metasurface structures, numerical simulations based on, such as the finite-different timedomain, are indispensable tools.…”

Transformable Metasurfaces Enabled by Twisting Induced Nonlocality

“…Experimental measurements verify the nonlocality‐based phase, amplitude, and channel modulation in Janus scattering. Different from controlling the rotation angle of each meta‐atom, [ 43–45 ] coaxially rotating arrays can significantly simplify the control circuit. Due to the non‐volatile property of mechanical deformation, this method can provide robustness and low energy cost in metasurface‐assisted communications.…”

“…[11] Electrically-driven coding of the scattering properties can be achieved by inserting integrated diodes into meta-atoms [12] and promises elegant solutions for versatile electromagnetic devices in imaging, [13] wireless phase, amplitude, and channel modulation in Janus scattering. Different from controlling the rotation angle of each metaatom, [43][44][45] coaxially rotating arrays can significantly simplify the control circuit. Due to the non-volatile property of mechanical deformation, this method can provide robustness and low energy cost in metasurface-assisted communications.…”