Homo- and Co-Polycarbonates and Blends Derived from Diphenolic Acid

Abstract

The properties of materials derived from diphenolic acid (4-(bis(hydroxyphenyl))pentanoic acid, DPA), such as polycarbonate homo-and co-polymers (with bisphenol A, BPA), have been determined. The influence of copolymer composition on the thermal properties of these materials has been determined.

Levulinic Acid Biorefineries: New Challenges for Efficient Utilization of Biomass

“…DPAi sastructural analogue of bisphenol A( BPA), and it is used as ad irect replacement of BPAi nt he production of polycarbonates, epoxy resins, polyarylates, and other polymers,e specially if phenol can also be produced from the depolymerization of lignin. [154] DPAh as numerousa pplications in lubricants, adhesives, and paints. [155] The lower cost of BPAa sap recursor has reduced the market for DPA.…”

Design, Synthesis, and Application of Novel Flame Retardants Derived From Biomass

“…The results of previous research (Moore and Tannahill 2001) indicated that DPA has two phenolic hydroxyls and one more active carboxyl. To avoid side reactions (Moore and Tannahill 2001), the carboxyl group of diphenolic acid was protected prior to the polymerization process.…”

“…The intermediate, methyl diphenolate (MDP, with the chemical name of methyl 4,4'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)valerate), was synthesized according to the literature (Moore and Tannahill 2001). A mixture of DPA (5.726 g, 20 mmol) and PTSA (0.344 g, 2 mmol) in 200 mL from methanol was added in a 250 mL one-neck flask equipped with a reflux condenser.…”

“…To avoid side reactions (Moore and Tannahill 2001), the carboxyl group of diphenolic acid was protected prior to the polymerization process. By esterification of the carboxyl group with methanol, a linear polymer would be formed.…”

“…When poly(DPA-PDCP) was introduced into ABS as a flame retardant, it acted as a charring agent to increase the char yield of the blends. However, since there is an active carboxyl in PDP, crosslinking may occur in the polymer (Moore and Tannahill 2001) and dehydration of carboxyls to form carbon dioxide can take place within the temperature range of 200 to 280 °C, such that bonds are already broken before the phosphorus-carbonaceous material is formed. That is to say, inert gas is released too early to expand the polymer, and it becomes difficult to form an effective swollen layer to hamper the diffusion of heat and combustible gas.…”