Homoeologous chromosomal location of the genes encoding thionins in wheat and rye

Abstract

Thionins are high sulphur basic polypeptides present in the endosperm of Gramineae. In wheat there are three thionins encoded by genes located in the long arms of chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D. Rye has one thionin encoded by a gene which has been assigned to chromosome 1R after analysis of the Imperial-Chinese Spring rye-wheat disomic addition lines. Commercial varieties and experimental stocks with a 1B/1R substitution carry the thionin from rye (β R) instead of the α B thionin from wheat. The β R thionin gene is not located in the large chromosomal segment representing most of the short arm of chromosome 1R.

Discovery of loci determining pre-harvest sprouting and dormancy in wheat and barley applying segregation and association mapping

“…For the region of chromosome 1B, a thionin precursor is known which is involved in plant reactions against microbial infections and microbial pathogens toxic to plants. Thionins located in the endosperm of wheat are encoded by genes on all three group 1 chromosomes (Sanchez-Monge et al 1979, Romero et al 1997. The region on chromosome 1D is also known from another association panel responsible for PHS (Rehman Arif et al 2012).…”

External association of hordothionin with protein bodies in mature barley

“…The thionins are basic polypeptides with molecular weights of ~5000 and a high cysteine content which have been found in the endosperms of wheat (Balls and Hale, 1940; Balls et al, 1942a,b), barley (Redman and Fisher, 1969), rye (Hernandez-Lucas et al, 1978), and in 22 species of the Aegilops-Triticum group (Carbonero and Garcia-Olmedo, 1969). Their physical and chemical properties have been extensively studied (Garcia-Olmedo et al, 1968;Nimmo et al, 1968;Fisher et al, 1968;Redman and Fisher, 1968;Nimmo et al, 1974;Hernandez-Lucas et al, 1977a,b), and several genetic variants have been described (Fernandez de Caleya et al, 1976;Sanchez-Monge et al, 1979), some of which have been sequenced (Mak and Jones, 1976a,b;Jones and Mak, 1977;Ohtani et al, 1975Ohtani et al, ,1977.…”

THIONINS OF WHEAT Triticum kiharae Dorof. et Migush. ARE NOVEL POTENT INHIBITORS OF Candida albicans (C.P. Robin) Berkhout

“…Известно, что у гексаплоидной пшеницы T. aestivum три тионина, обозначенные как пуротионины ,  B и  D . Их кодируют гены pur A1, pur B1 и pur D1, расположенные соответственно на длинных плечах хромосом 1A, 1B и 1D (29). Поскольку ген пуротинина связан с геномом А, выявленное нами сходство последовательностей этих тионинов у носителей генома А -T. kiharae (AAGGDD), T. aestivum (AABBDD), T. urartu (A u A u ) и T. monococcum (A m A m ) неудивительно.…”