Homogeneity and Activeness of Crowd on Aged Pedestrian Dynamics

Zhang, Jun; Cao, Shuchao; Salden, Daniel; Ma, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.procs.2016.04.137

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For example, the elders are 40% slower than the adults when they walk in crowded urban walkways [20] and have lower speeds when they go downstairs [21]. The fundamental diagrams and step widths of pedestrians in single-file flow show great difference between elders and young adults [22][23][24]. The fundamental diagram of elderly pedestrians in straight corridors was studied in [25], where it was shown that differences in the dynamics can be observed, although by means of a transformation using the desired speed, the authors could show that the fundamental diagrams of elderly pedestrians can match the fundamental diagram of younger pedestrians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on elderly pedestrians passing through bottlenecks

Ren¹,

Zhang²,

Cao³

et al. 2019

J. Stat. Mech.

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The aging of population is a social phenomenon in the world. In this study, series of controlled experiments were performed to investigate the movement characteristics of elderly pedestrians passing through bottlenecks. Similar self-organized phenomena to that of the young like 'zipper effect' and 'lane formation' are observed. The highest local density that appears in front of the exit in the experiment is beyond 4 m -2 . The time lapse between two consecutive pedestrians of the elderly is about 0.2 s longer than that of the young when the width is 0.5 m and 0.7 m. Besides, the difference decreases with the increasing exit width. A linear relation between flow and bottleneck width is obtained, while the flow of elders is lower than that of the young under the same width of exits. The waiting time of pedestrians can be divided into two stages when the bottleneck width is narrower than 0.8 m. The findings in this study will benefit the evacuation guidance as well as the facility design for elders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on elderly pedestrians passing through bottlenecks

Ren¹,

Zhang²,

Cao³

et al. 2019

J. Stat. Mech.

Self Cite

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“…However, the large size of the cells and the discrete nature of the models dictate the use of the same size and speed for all of the pedestrians. In real world scenarios, pedestrians come in various sizes, and their movement speeds could significantly vary [39], [40]. The present study improves the accuracy of cellular automata models while keeping their advantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The speed range of 0-1.6 m/s is acceptable considering that the average speed of a pedestrian is around 1.3 m/s [44]. However, it is shown that pedestrian with different ages and health conditions have different walking speeds [39], [40]. These discrete choices (i.e., five possible values) limit the accuracy of the simulation and hinder the fine adjustments to the model with regard to pedestrian speed.…”

Section: Figure 1 Transition Of Pedestrians Into Neighboring Cells In...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of pedestrian movements using a fine grid cellular automata model

Sarmady

Haron²,

Talib

2022

IJ-AI

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Crowd simulation is used in evacuation and crowd safety inspections and in the study of the performance of crowd systems and animations. Cellular automata are extensively utilized in crowd modeling. In regular cellular automata models, each pedestrian occupies a single cell with the size of a pedestrian body. The movements of pedestrians resemble those of chess pieces on a chessboard because the space is divided into relatively large cells. Furthermore, all pedestrians feature the same body size and speed. This study proposes a fine grid cellular automata model that uses small cells and allows pedestrian bodies to occupy several cells. The model allows the use of different body sizes, shapes, and speeds for pedestrians. The model is also used to simulate the movements of pedestrians toward a specific target. A typical walkway scenario is considered to test and evaluate the proposed model. Pedestrian movements are smooth because of the fine grain discretization of movements, and simulation results match the empirical speed–density graphs with good accuracy.

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“…In addition, the resulting density and movement speed are sensitive to the position of the measurement area and a valid time interval for the analysis. Nevertheless, the described methods are a proven approach for analysis and have been used in many prior studies, for instance in Germany, 4,53,54,57–71 Australia 72–77 Japan, 78–80 Palestine 81 and China 31–33,82,83 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of individual impairments in crowd dynamics

et al. 2020

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Summary The importance of empirical relations to quantify the movement of pedestrians through a facility has increased during the last decades since performance‐based design methods became more common. Bottlenecks are of special interest because of their importance for egress routes and as they result in a reduced capacity. The empirical relations as the density‐dependent movement speed or flow rate were derived by studies under laboratory conditions, which were usually conducted with populations of homogeneous characteristics for better control of influencing variables. If individual characteristics of a crowd become more heterogeneous, individuals were forced to adapt their individual movement and control individual manoeuvring. These unintended interactions lead to a different shape of the fundamental empirical relations. Here, we present results from a movement study under well‐controlled boundary conditions in which participants with and without different characteristics of disabilities participated. To consider the effect of different heterogeneities on the capacity of a facility, fundamental diagrams are generated using the Voronoi method. If participants with visible disabilities (such as using assistive devices) are part of a crowd, significant differences relating to the shape of the empirical relations and the capacities are found. This indicates that the heterogeneity of a population leads to an increased interpersonal interaction which results in influenced movement characteristics.

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Homogeneity and Activeness of Crowd on Aged Pedestrian Dynamics

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Experimental study on elderly pedestrians passing through bottlenecks

Experimental study on elderly pedestrians passing through bottlenecks

Simulation of pedestrian movements using a fine grid cellular automata model

The influence of individual impairments in crowd dynamics

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