Homogeneous reactive coupling of terminally functional polymers

Orr, Charles A.; Cernohous, J. J.; Guégan, Philippe; Hirao, Akira; Jeon, Hong G.; Macosko, Chris

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(01)00329-9

Cited by 144 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Reminder that the occurrence of these reactions was confirmed in our previous work by both rheology and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy [25]. These results were, in fact, in agreement with the findings of Orr et al [40] derived from studies of the different kinetics of the reaction between several pairs of polystyrene functional group pairs. The conversion evaluated at 2 min for reactive pairs for acid/ epoxy-functionalized systems, the conversion value is five times higher than that for amine/epoxy reactive pair groups.…”

Section: Experimental Elaboration Of Stability Charts Of Reactive Andsupporting

confidence: 92%

Role of the interphase in the flow stability of reactive coextruded multilayer polymers

Lamnawar

Maazouz

2009

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Coextrusion technologies are commonly used to produce multilayered composite sheets or films for a large range of applications from food packaging to optics. The contrast of rheological properties between layers can lead to interfacial instabilities. Important theoretical and experimental advances regarding theses defects have, during the last decades, been made using a mechanical and numerical approach. This study deals with the influence of the physicochemical affinity between the neighboring layers on interfacial instabilities for functionalized incompatible polymers. It was experimentally confirmed, in this case, that weak disturbance can be predicted by considering an interface of nonzero thickness (corresponding to an interdiffusion/reaction zone interphase) instead of a purely geometrical interface between the two reactive layers. According to the rheological investigations, an experimental strategy was here formulated to investigate the parameters that controlled the stability of the reactive multilayer flows. The role of the viscosity ratio, elasticity ratio, and layer ratio of the stability of the interface was also investigated coupling to the reaction rate/compatibilization phenomenon. Hence, based on this analysis, guidelines for a stable coextrusion of reactive functionalized polymers can be provided coupling the classical parameters and the physicochemical affinity at the polymer/polymer interface. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Experimental Elaboration Of Stability Charts Of Reactive Andsupporting

confidence: 92%

Role of the interphase in the flow stability of reactive coextruded multilayer polymers

Lamnawar

Maazouz

2009

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…The reactivity of hydroxyl (OH) functional compounds with anhydride groups containing copolymer is well-known. 23 The molar ratio of hydroxyl (OH) to anhydride group was 1:2. The molar ratio was calculated on the basis of hydroxyl and anhydride equivalent weight of hyperbranched polymer (HBP) and polyanhydride (PA), respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Brittle Polylactide by Novel Hyperbranched Polymer-Based Nanostructures

2007

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The inherent brittleness of polylactide (PLA) poses considerable scientific challenges and limits its large-scale applications. Here, we propose and demonstrate a new industrially relevant methodology to develop a polylactide (PLA)-based nanoblend having outstanding stiffness-toughness balance. In this approach, a hydroxyl functional hyperbranched polymer (HBP) was in-situ cross-linked with a polyanhydride (PA) in the PLA matrix during melt processing. There was formation of new hyperbranched polymer-based cross-linked particles in the PLA matrix. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the sea-island morphology of PLA-cross-linked HBP blend. The domain size of cross-linked HBP particles in the PLA matrix was less than 100 nm as obtained from TEM. The presence of cross-linked hyperbranched polymer in the PLA matrix exhibited ∼570% and ∼847% improvement in the toughness and elongation at break, respectively, as compared to unmodified PLA. The increase in the ductility of modified PLA was related to stress whitening and multiple crazing initiated in the presence of cross-linked HBP particles. Formation of a networked interface as revealed by rheological data was associated with enhanced compatibility of the PLA-cross-linked HBP blend as compared to the PLA/HBP blend. The cross-linking reaction of HBP with PA was confirmed with the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and low-temperature dynamical mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA).

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“…In the case of E-GMA, the preferred reaction of the glycidyl groups involves the COOH end group of PET [98]. By increasing the concentration of E-GMA, however, the competition among the reactions between PA and both PET terminal groups can be overcome.…”

Section: Recycling Of Multilayers Containing Pe/petmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Polymer-Based Multilayer Packaging: A Review

2017

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Abstract:Polymer-based multilayer packaging materials are commonly used in order to combine the respective performance of different polymers. By this approach, the tailored functionality of packaging concepts is created to sufficiently protect sensitive food products and thus obtain extended shelf life. However, because of their poor recyclability, most multilayers are usually incinerated or landfilled, counteracting the efforts towards a circular economy and crude oil independency. This review depicts the current state of the European multilayer packaging market and sketches the current end-of-life situation of postconsumer multilayer packaging waste in Germany. In the main section, a general overview of the state of research about material recycling of different multilayer packaging systems is provided. It is divided into two subsections, whereby one describes methods to achieve a separation of the different components, either by delamination or the selective dissolution-reprecipitation technique, and the other describes methods to achieve recycling by compatibilization of nonmiscible polymer types. While compatibilization methods and the technique of dissolution-reprecipitation are already extensively studied, the delamination of packaging has not been investigated systematically. All the presented options are able to recycle multilayer packaging, but also have drawbacks like a limited scope or a high expenditure of energy.

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Homogeneous reactive coupling of terminally functional polymers

Cited by 144 publications

References 33 publications

Role of the interphase in the flow stability of reactive coextruded multilayer polymers

Role of the interphase in the flow stability of reactive coextruded multilayer polymers

Modification of Brittle Polylactide by Novel Hyperbranched Polymer-Based Nanostructures

Recycling of Polymer-Based Multilayer Packaging: A Review

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