Let H(R, q) be an affine Hecke algebra with a positive parameter function q. We are interested in the topological K-theory of its C * -completion C * r (R, q). We will prove that K * (C * r (R, q)) does not depend on the parameter q, solving a long-standing conjecture of Higson and Plymen. For this we use representation theoretic methods, in particular elliptic representations of Weyl groups and Hecke algebras.Thus, for the computation of these K-groups it suffices to work out the case q = 1. These algebras are considerably simpler than for q = 1, just crossed products of commutative algebras with finite Weyl groups. We explicitly determine K * (C * r (R, q)) for all classical root data R. This will be useful to analyse the K-theory of the reduced C * -algebra of any classical p-adic group.For the computations in the case q = 1 we study the more general situation of a finite group Γ acting on a smooth manifold M . We develop a method to calculate the K-theory of the crossed product C(M ) ⋊ Γ. In contrast to the equivariant Chern character of Baum and Connes, our method can also detect torsion elements in these K-groups.