Horizontal Infiltration of Water in Soil Columns as Affected by a Gel-Forming Conditioner

Mustafa, M. A.; Al-Omran, Abdulrasoul; Shalaby, Ahmed; Al‐Darby, A. M.

doi:10.1097/00010694-198805000-00002

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The reduction in bulk density is met by a reduction in large pore space which led to a gradual reduction in s aturated hydraulic conductivity. The reduction in saturated hydraulic conductivity in coars e textured soil t reat ed with organic matter could be als o attributed to the reduction in effective mean pore radius as a result of the soil expansion (Mustafa et al, 1988;Al-Darby et al, 1992;Ismail, 1996;Brandsma et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of effective microorganisms and green manure on soil properties and productivity of pearl millet and alfalfa grown on sandy loam in Saudi Arabia

Ismail¹

2013

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of effective microorgani sm s and green manure on soil properties and yield of pearl millet (Penni setum glaucum (L.) R. Br. ) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) grown on sandy loam soil under arid conditions at Agriculture Experimental Station of King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Hada Al sham, Saudi Arabia. Four treatments were investigated. In control (T1), the soil was only treated with the recommended dose of mineral fertilizers required for the culti vated crops. The second treatment (T2) wa s a diluted solution (1:1000) of effective microorgani sm s (EM1) sprayed on the soil surface. The third treatment (T3) was green manure added as soil mulch above the ground while the fourth treatment (T4) was mixture of EM1 and green manure together. Results indicated that, EM1 and green manure improved forage yield and soil propertie s. The best improvement in yield was found in T4 and T3 of alfalfa and pearl millet fields, respectively. These treatments re sulted also in the great reduction in soil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity, high water retention and soil organic matter. Total nitrogen, phosphorus, pota ssium, iron and magnesium were also increa sed under the se treatments. Li ttle enhancement in physi cal and chemical properties of soil was pronounced in T2 treatment since the improvements were not significant compared with the control. The re sults sugge sted that using green manure alone or mixed with EM1 i s a practical method to enhance soil properties and productivity of coarse texture soil s under dry land conditions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of effective microorganisms and green manure on soil properties and productivity of pearl millet and alfalfa grown on sandy loam in Saudi Arabia

Ismail¹

2013

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Soil seepage rate and penetrability decreased, and swelling increased, with increasing additions (0-16 g kg-1 of an organic supergel to sandy soils (Mustafa et al, 1988;Al-Darby, 1996), although decreasing the salinity of the applied irrigation water lessened the impacts (Mustafa et al, 1989). The organic supergel is composed ofwater and humic acid, humate, and polysaccharide polymers and its composition differs from that of cross-linked polyacrylamide hydrogels (XPAM), which are similarly used soil amendments (Johnson and Veltkamp, 1985).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibiting Water Infiltration into Soils with Cross‐linked Polyacrylamide: Seepage Reduction for Irrigated Agriculture

Lentz

2007

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High water infiltration rates in unlined canals, reservoirs, and the inflow end of furrows relative to outflow ends result in excessive seepage losses and reduced furrow irrigation application uniformity. This study evaluated the use of cross-linked, anionic, polyacrylamide hydrogel (XPAM), a water-absorbing, swellable polymer solid, for reducing infiltration and seepage losses though soil. Experiments 1 and 2 measured the influence of soil treatments on seepage rate in soil columns under constant-head conditions: Exp. 1 treated five soils with 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 g kg -1 XPAM; Exp.2 applied combined XPAM (0-5 g kg-1) and NaC1 (0-5.1 g kg-1) treatments to a silt loam soil, and separately tested the effect ofXPAM granule size and treated soil layer thickness on seepage rate.In Exp. 3, a miniflume was used to determine how a 5-mm-thick, XPAM-treated (0-5 g kg-1) soil layer at the inflow end of the "minifurrow" influenced water distribution. The 21-h seepage rates of all soils except the loamy sand decreased curvilinearly with increasing )(PAM rate, with maximum reductions of 87 to 94% for 5 and 10 g kg -1 XPAM rates, relative to controls. The <300-pm-diam.XPAM granules were significantly more effective than the coarser grained )(PAM for reducing seepage, and reducing the thickness of the treated soil layer from 71 to 24 mm had no significant effect on the seepage reduction obtained with XPAM. The 5 g kg-1 XPAM treatment applied to inflowend miniflume soils significantly decreased the "furrow-stream" advance period and reversed the infiltration patterns observed in miniflumes, relative to controls. These XPAM treatments could potentially be used to increase the uniformity of furrow water applications and reduce seepage from unlined irrigation ponds and canals.

show abstract

“…Surface application of gel-conditioners has been shown to be effective in increasing water holding capacity, reducing infiltration rate and cumulative evaporation Offprint requests to: A. M. A1-Omran and increasing water conservation of sandy soils (Miller 1979;Hemyari and Nofziger 1981 ;A1-Omran et al 1987;Mustafa et al 1988Mustafa et al , 1989. In the early seventies, subsurface asphalt barriers were used to improve water conservation and productivity of sandy soils.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4. Adding 100 mm of water caused pronounced swelling, reduced the sizes of macropores, inhibited water infiltration and consequently enhanced evaporation (A1-Omran et al 1987;Mustafa et al 1988). This explains why To.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gel-conditioned barriers for water management of sandy soils

et al. 1991

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the effect of gel-forming conditioner (Jalma) at rates of 0.0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8% at four depths of gel-conditioned barriers: 0-0.05, 0.10-0.15, 0.15-0.20 and 0.20-0.25 m, on infiltration, intermittent evaporation, water conservation and soil moisture distribution for calcareous sandy soil (Typic Torripsamments) at two moisture regimes. Addition of 0.8% Jalma on surface significantly increased the time required for 50 mm to infiltrate (tso) into the soil. However, with deeper subsurface barriers the rate of Jalma application had no significant affect on tso for the first cycle. Time required for 50 mm to infiltrate for any Jalma rate increased with the number of irrigation cycles due to cumulative increase of moisture of soil columns. The times required for 100 mm to infiltrate (tloo) increased with increased rate of Jalma application and decreased with the depth of the treated barrier. Surface treatment significantly reduced cumulative evaporation and thus increased the amount of water conserved (PWC). Subsurface Jalma-treated barriers promoted evaporation and hence reduced the amount of water conserved. Soil moisture profile of the columns showed that Jalma-treated barriers may be used to establish zones of maximum water storage at various depths in a sand profile.

show abstract

Horizontal Infiltration of Water in Soil Columns as Affected by a Gel-Forming Conditioner

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of effective microorganisms and green manure on soil properties and productivity of pearl millet and alfalfa grown on sandy loam in Saudi Arabia

Influence of effective microorganisms and green manure on soil properties and productivity of pearl millet and alfalfa grown on sandy loam in Saudi Arabia

Inhibiting Water Infiltration into Soils with Cross‐linked Polyacrylamide: Seepage Reduction for Irrigated Agriculture

Gel-conditioned barriers for water management of sandy soils

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About