Horizontal Transmission of Turkey Herpesvirus to Chickens

Cho, B. R.

doi:10.3382/ps.0551830

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…HVT vaccinal virus itself does not transmit laterally to chickens and was not thought to be shed in feather dander (Cho & Kenzy, 1975;Cho, 1976) until recent reports of significant shedding . Indeed, recent developments in technology have meant that all three MDV serotypes can be precisely quantified using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from tissues, feathers and poultry dust (Islam et al, 2004(Islam et al, , 2006aBaigent et al, 2005a,b;Abdul-Careem et al, 2006;Renz et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Marek's disease virus (MDV) infection in broiler chickens 1: effect of varying vaccination to challenge interval on vaccinal protection and load of MDV and herpesvirus of turkey in the spleen and feather dander over time

et al. 2008

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Two experiments in commercial broiler chickens vaccinated with herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) and challenged with Marek's disease virus (MDV) investigated the effects of the vaccination-to-challenge interval (VCI) on vaccinal protection against Marek's disease, and the kinetics of MDV and HVT load in the spleen and feather dander determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Experiment 1 in isolators tested VCI of 2, 4 and 7 days, while Experiment 2 in floor pens tested VCI of 0, 2, 4, 7 and 10 days. MDV challenge induced gross Marek's disease lesions in 14% to 74% of chickens by 56 days post-challenge. Vaccinal protection increased from approximately 40% to approximately 80% with increasing VCI between days 2 and 7 in both experiments, but not thereafter. MDV was detected in both the spleen and dander at 7 days post-challenge and increased rapidly to approximately 21 days post-challenge, after which levels plateaued, rose or fell gradually depending on treatment. HVT was also shed in significant amounts, 1 to 2 logs lower than for MDV, with a clear peak around 14 to 21 days post-vaccination. Vaccination significantly reduced the log(10)MDV load in the spleen (vaccinated, 2.99+/-0.20/10(6) spleen cells; unvaccinated, 4.60+/-0.23/10(6) spleen cells) and dander (vaccinated, 5.28+/-0.13/mg; unvaccinated, 6.00+/-0.18/mg) from infected chickens. The MDV load had a significant negative association with the VCI and the level of vaccinal protection. Measurement of dander production in Experiment 1 and the dust content of air in Experiment 2, combined with determination of the MDV load in these, enabled estimation of total daily shedding rates of MDV per chicken and of the MDV load in air for the first time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Marek's disease virus (MDV) infection in broiler chickens 1: effect of varying vaccination to challenge interval on vaccinal protection and load of MDV and herpesvirus of turkey in the spleen and feather dander over time

et al. 2008

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“…Egg transmission of HVT does not occur Paul et al, 1972). HVTspreads by the airborne route from turkeys to turkeys, and from turkeys to chickens , but only poorly from chickens to chickens owing to poor replication in feather-follicle epithelium of this species (Cho, 1975(Cho, , 1976b.…”

Section: A Spread Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Herpesviruses

1982

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“…The VP2 gene from a donor IBDV is inserted into the genome of the HVT vaccine, which expresses the protein of IBDV as it replicates, thus inducing IBDV protection in the vaccinated animal. Studies demonstrated that HVT did not spread or spread poorly to chickens that had been exposed [6][7], so despite its safe and high efficacy [8], the HVT-vectored IBD vaccines do not have the same potential to produce lateral immunization by horizontal transmission the way IBD live vaccines do. All told, these very different IBD vaccine technologies, when used over time, require constant monitoring of the field challenge due to their differing features and mechanisms of action.…”

Section: Description Of Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiologic survey of infectious bursal disease viruses in broiler farms raised under different vaccination programs

Muñíz

Verdi

Jackwood

et al. 2018

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

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SUMMARYOver a span of nearly 4 yr, 246 bursal tissue samples were collected from Brazilian commercial broiler flocks (Gallus gallus) throughout the country and imprinted to sample collection cards (Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards). A total of 75 infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) strains was successfully detected from the FTA card imprints and were submitted for further identification and molecular characterization. Nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of the IBDV surface protein VP2 were used to identify strains of the virus and place them into phylogenetic groups. The amino acids across the hypervariable region of VP2 in this study varied, but around half of all positive samples were classified as vaccine virus. The IBD viruses fell into 3 categories: variant IBDV, classic IBDV (vaccine), and very virulent (vv) IBDV. The samples were collected according to the 3 different vaccination strategies used in broilers: vectored vaccine, antigen-antibody complex vaccine, and conventional live vaccine. The genetic profile and frequency of the strains recovered from the flocks were highly dependent on the vaccination program. This information helps us gain a better understanding of the current landscape of IBD in Brazil and provides additional scientific data to support selection of the most effective vaccination strategies, products, and practices to prevent disease.

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Horizontal Transmission of Turkey Herpesvirus to Chickens

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Kinetics of Marek's disease virus (MDV) infection in broiler chickens 1: effect of varying vaccination to challenge interval on vaccinal protection and load of MDV and herpesvirus of turkey in the spleen and feather dander over time

Kinetics of Marek's disease virus (MDV) infection in broiler chickens 1: effect of varying vaccination to challenge interval on vaccinal protection and load of MDV and herpesvirus of turkey in the spleen and feather dander over time

The Herpesviruses

Molecular epidemiologic survey of infectious bursal disease viruses in broiler farms raised under different vaccination programs

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