Hormetic use of stress in gerontological interventions requires a cautious approach

Jargin, Sergei V.

doi:10.1007/s10522-015-9630-8

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The same applies to the data on the excess radiation-related cancer deaths occurring at doses below the current occupational limits [89]. In any case, the hormesis concept should be applied cautiously as hormetic stimuli may act without threshold upon pre-damaged or atrophic tissues, or act synergistically with other known or unknown noxious agents including carcinogens [90][91][92][93][94]. In this connection, the petition to remove the phrase "As low as reasonably achievable" (ALARA) from the radiation safety regulations [95] is hardly justified, as exposures are unpredictable while their effects may accumulate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose and dose-rate effectiveness of radiation: first objectivity then conclusions

Jargin¹

2016

J Environ Occup Sci

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This letter comments on the ongoing re-evaluation of the dose and dose rate effectiveness factor (DDREF) equal to 2.0, currently recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. The topics of DDREF and threshold are related to the linear no-threshold theory (LNT), which does not take into account that DNA damage and repair are in dynamic equilibrium probably reached in a long term. Living organisms must have been adapted by natural selection to the today's background level of radiation or to some average from the past, when the radiation background was higher. Dosedependent self-selection of exposed people and other biases common in epidemiological studies, cited in support of the DDREF lowering, are discussed here. In conclusion, the LNT and underestimation of DDREF tend to exaggerate radiationrelated health risks at low dose and dose rates exposures. Future risk estimates should be based on direct comparisons of experimental data from acute and protracted exposures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose and dose-rate effectiveness of radiation: first objectivity then conclusions

Jargin¹

2016

J Environ Occup Sci

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“…by ischemia so that even a small additional impact would act according to a no-threshold pattern without hormesis. Under such circumstances, which are not uncommon especially in gerontology, the concept of hormesis can be unsafe if used in the clinical decision-making [5]. For example, it would hardly be indicated to consume small amounts of ethanol, a known hormetic agent, by a patient with hepatic failure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Papers and Patents on Substances with Unproven Effects. Part 2

Jargin

2020

DDF

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: Several examples are discussed in this review, where substances without proven effects were proposed for practical use within the scope of evidence-based medicines. The following is discussed here: generalizations of the hormesis concept and its use in support of homeopathy; phytoestrogens and soy products potentially having feminizing effects; glycosaminoglycans for the treatment of osteoarthritis and possibilities of their replacement by diet modifications; flavonoids recommended for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins; acetylcysteine as a mucolytic agent and its questionable efficiency especially by an oral intake; stem cells and cell therapies. In conclusion, placebo therapies can be beneficial and ethically justifiable but it is not a sufficient reason to publish biased information. Importantly, placebo must be devoid of adverse effects, otherwise, it is named pseudo-placebo. Therapeutic methods with unproven effects should be tested in high-quality research shielded from the funding bias. Some issues discussed in this review are not entirely clear, and the arguments provided here can initiate a constructive discussion.

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“…by ischemia so that even a mild additional impact would act according to a no-threshold pattern without hormesis. Under such circumstances, which are not uncommon especially in gerontology, the hormesis concept can be dangerous if used in the clinical thinking 11 . For example, it is obviously not indicated to injest small doses of ethanol, a known hormetic agent, by a patient with hepatic failure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placebo in the guise of evidence-based medications

Jargin¹

2020

Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi

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Placebo therapy can be beneficial and ethically justifiable; but it is not a sufficient reason to publish biased information. Certain journals are selecting reliable reports but others are publishing biased materials and rejecting criticism. Publication series of questional reliability are sometimes continued without making references to published comments. Theories have been construed for promotion of some drugs and dietary supplements without proven effectiveness. This review is a collection of examples, when substances with unproven effects and unclear action mechanisms are directly or indirectly presented by professional publications as evidence-based medications. Some of the topics might be not completely clarified, so that arguments provided here can induce a constructive discussion.

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Hormetic use of stress in gerontological interventions requires a cautious approach

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Dose and dose-rate effectiveness of radiation: first objectivity then conclusions

Dose and dose-rate effectiveness of radiation: first objectivity then conclusions

Scientific Papers and Patents on Substances with Unproven Effects. Part 2

Placebo in the guise of evidence-based medications

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