Hormonal and haemodynamic responses to upper abdominal surgery during isoflurane and balanced anaesthesia

Effects of intravenous administration of lidocaine on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in horses

“…The use of balanced techniques is widespread in human and small animal anesthesia because it decreases the requirement for inhalation anesthetics and usually minimizes the dose-dependent depressant effects of these agents on the cardiovascular system. [1][2][3][4] Horses are more sensitive to the cardiovascular and respiratory depressant effects of inhalation anesthetics than are dogs. 5 Therefore, minimizing doses of inhala-Effects of intravenous administration of lidocaine on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in horses tion anesthetics by augmenting analgesia and sedation with other drugs would appear to be a logical approach to improving anesthetic management in horses.…”

Cardiovascular and endocrine effects of clonidine premedication in neurosurgical patients

“…27 However, in a more recent clinical study, different levels of isoflurane/N20 anaesthesia of 1.3 or 1.8 MAC did not affect heart rate, blood pressure, and plasma cortisol and catecholamine concentrations to different degrees. 28 We believe that in the present study, isoflurane did not contribute to differences in haemodynamic and endocrine responses, observed between the two groups.…”