Hormonal Regulation and Calcium Metabolism in the Rabbit

Eckermann-Ross, Christine

doi:10.1016/j.cvex.2007.09.002

Cited by 39 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In other species like horses, goats and rabbits, calcium carbonate is also a very common mineral type found in urinary concrements (Clauss et al, ; Kienzle, ; Neumann, Ruby, Ling, Schiffman, & Johnson, ; Nwaokorie et al, ). The precipitation of calcium carbonate in urine of rabbits causes a typical turbid, sludgy urine (Eckerrmann‐Ross, ). There is a higher risk for urinary calcium carbonate formation in case of a higher dietary calcium intake especially in rabbits and horses (Claus et al, ; Kienzle, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and chemical composition of uroliths in fattening pigs in Belgium

Vrielinck

Sarrazin

Schoos

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The present study investigated the prevalence of uroliths in fattening pigs and assessed the composition of these urinary tract concrements. In total, 2,432 urinary bladders were sampled in the slaughterhouse and checked for abnormal content. Urinary samples were analysed microscopically, and samples of the urinary bladder wall were tested for histological signs of inflammation. The composition of the concrements was examined by infrared spectrophotometry. Macroscopic and microscopic abnormalities were detected in 8.4% and 52.8% of the samples respectively. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD), calcium carbonate (calcite), calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and amorphous crystals were detected. Analysis of stones showed COD in all samples in different proportions. The calcium content of examined stones was always considerable (up to 34%), in contrast to the magnesium content which represented max 1.9%. Struvite was found in one third of the samples, but was never part of stones and grit. COD crystals were the second most common microscopic crystal. These COD crystals and some COD stones had a rectangular shape, and therefore, they can be harmful to the bladder mucosa. In conclusion, uroliths are present in a large proportion of male fattening pigs, and consequently, urinary concrements pose a life‐threatening risk for urethra obstruction in male pigs. Further research is warranted to identify potential risk factors for urolithiasis and microscopic crystals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and chemical composition of uroliths in fattening pigs in Belgium

Vrielinck

Sarrazin

Schoos

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…In most mammal species, vitamin D is responsible for calcium homoeostasis, in part through the regulation of the absorption of calcium in the intestine [38]. In contrast, rabbits absorb calcium in their intestine independently from vitamin D concentration, passively [38][39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, rabbits absorb calcium in their intestine independently from vitamin D concentration, passively [38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Rabbits maintain normocalcemia through urinary excretion of the calcium in excess [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The active digestive absorption of calcium, which requires vitamin D, is only used when dietary calcium is low [42,44]. The hypovitaminosis D hypothesis relies on the fact that vitamin D is also involved in normal bone mineralisation [38,45]. Rabbits fed a vitamin D-deficient diet show an inadequate skeletal mineralization and signs of osteomalacia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lack of Association between Exposure to Natural Sunlight and Dental Disease in French Companion Rabbits

Thilliez¹,

Larrat²,

Vergneau‐Grosset³

2017

J Vet Med Surg

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“…Two mechanisms of intestinal Ca 2+ absorption are: the paracellular and the transcellular pathways [2]. The paracellular pathway is a passive, nonsaturable process that is driven by an electrochemical gradient across the epithelium [3,4] and principally occurs when dietary Ca 2+ is abundant [5]. If dietary Ca 2+ is restricted or Ca 2+ demand is increased, the transcellular transport is the essential mechanism for Ca 2+ absorption from the diet [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression patterns of intestinal calcium transport factors and ex-vivo absorption of calcium in horses

et al. 2011

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BackgroundIn many species, the small intestine is the major site of calcium (Ca2+) absorption. The horse differs considerably from most other species with regard to the physiology of its Ca2+ metabolism and digestion. Thus, this study was performed to get more information about the transcellular Ca2+ absorption in the horse.Two mechanisms of intestinal Ca2+ absorption are described: the passive paracellular pathway and the active, vitamin D-dependent transcellular pathway. The latter involves the following elements: vitamin D receptors (VDR), transient receptor potential vanilloid channel members 5 and 6 (TRPV5/6), calbindin-D9k (CB), the Na/Ca exchanger (NCX1) and the plasma membrane Ca-ATPase (PMCA). The aim of the present study was to investigate the protein and mRNA expression patterns of VDR, CB and TRPV6 and the ex-vivo Ca2+ absorption in horses, assessed by qualitative and quantitative RT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry and the Ussing chamber technique.ResultsHighest CB and TRPV6 mRNA levels were detected in the duodenum as compared to the middle parts of the jejunum and ileum and several sites of the large intestine. VDR mRNA levels did not change significantly throughout the intestine. TRPV5 mRNA was not detectable in the horse intestine. The highest VDR and CB protein levels were measured in the duodenum. Ussing chamber studies revealed ex-vivo Ca2+ absorption only in the duodenum, but not in cecum and specific sites of the colon.ConclusionThe present findings suggest that TRPV6, CB and VDR may be involved in active intestinal Ca2+ absorption in horses, as described for other mammals. TRPV5 may not play a major role in this process. Furthermore, the expression patterns of these Ca2+ transport elements and the results of the Ussing chamber procedure indicate that a significant part of active intestinal Ca2+ absorption occurs in the duodenum in this species.

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Hormonal Regulation and Calcium Metabolism in the Rabbit

Cited by 39 publications

References 53 publications

Prevalence and chemical composition of uroliths in fattening pigs in Belgium

Prevalence and chemical composition of uroliths in fattening pigs in Belgium

Lack of Association between Exposure to Natural Sunlight and Dental Disease in French Companion Rabbits

Expression patterns of intestinal calcium transport factors and ex-vivo absorption of calcium in horses

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