Hormone Receptor Expressions and Proliferation Markers in Postmenopausal Endometrial Polyps

İnceboz, Ümit; Neşe, Nalan; Uyar, Yıldız; Özçakır, Hasan Tayfun; Kurtul, Ozgur; Baytur, Yeşim Bülbül; Kandiloğlu, Ali Rıza; Çağlar, Hüsnü; Fraser, Ian S.

doi:10.1159/000088018

Cited by 32 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] In this study, the obesity prevalence in cervical group and control group was 32 (1%), and 23 (7%), respectively. Obese women have also a higher risk of insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Are Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension Risk Factors for Cervical Polyps?

Uçar¹,

Uçar²,

İlhan³

et al. 2016

Turkiye Klinikleri J Gynecol Obst

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226ervical polyps are common benign neoplasms of the cervix in adult women.1 They are believed to develop as a result of focal hyperplasia. They usually develop in multiparous women during the fifth Are Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension Risk Factors for Cervical Polyps?A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : To investigate whether diabetes, hypertension, and obesity can be considered risk factors for cervical polyps. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : The hospital-based case-control study was carried out. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 307 consecutive patients with cervical polyps. A control group consisting of 3 women per case-matched by the same age, same parity, same menopausal status and the same presenting symptoms. These groups were compared with respect of diabetes, hypertension and obesity prevalence. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : The study included a total of 212 patients eligible for analysis in cervical polyp group, and a matched control group consisting of 636 women without cervical polyp. Women with cervical polyp had higher body mass index than the controls, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.72). The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in the cervical polyp group than the controls (p=0.016). A statistically significant correlation was found between obesity and cervical polyps (OR: 1.351, CI: 1.062-1,718). There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to the prevalence of diabetes (p=0.795) and hypertension (p=0.703). C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : Obesity appears to be a risk factor for cervical polyps. Obese women should receive special attention for potential coexistence of cervical polyps as part of their gynecological evaluation. This study supports the importance of weight management for the preventive plan of cervical polyps.K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Cervix uteri; polyps; diabetes mellitus; hypertension; obesity Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Diyabet, hipertansiyon ve obezitenin servikal polipler için risk faktörü olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Hastane tabanlı vaka-kontrol çalışması oluşturuldu. 307 ardışık servikal polip hastasının kayıtları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Her servikal polip hastası için, aynı yaş, aynı parite, aynı menopozal durumda ve aynı başvuru şikayeti ile gelen 3 kontrol hastası belirlendi. Gruplar hipertansiyon, diyabet ve obezite prevalansı açısından karşılaştırıldı. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Çalışma kriterlerine uygun servikal polibi olan 212 hasta vaka grubuna ve servikal polibi olmayan eşleştirilmiş 636 hasta kontrol grubuna dahil edildi. Servikal polip hastalarının beden kitle indeksi, kontrol grubundan daha fazlaydı, ancak bu fark istatistiksel anlamlı değildi (p=0,72). Obezite prevalansı servikal polip grubunda, kontrol grubundan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulundu (p=0,016). Obezite ve servikal polipler arasında istatistiksel anlamlı düzeyde korelasyon saptandı (OR: 1,351, ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Are Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension Risk Factors for Cervical Polyps?

Uçar¹,

Uçar²,

İlhan³

et al. 2016

Turkiye Klinikleri J Gynecol Obst

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“…The balance between mitotic activity and apoptosis is considered to regulate normal endometrial development during the menstrual cycle, and disturbances of these physiological processes have been proposed to occur in endometrial polyps (Stewart et al 1999 ). Oestrogen and progesterone act, via their receptors, as modulators of proliferation and differentiation in the normal endometrium (Inceboz et al 2006 ). Both oestrogen and progesterone receptors have been identifi ed in the glandular epithelium of endometrial polyps in both post-and premenopausal women, but the receptor expression appears to be disorderly compared with normal endometrium (Lopes et al 2007 ;Ryan et al 2005 ;Mittal et al 1996 ;McGurgan et al 2006a ).…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both oestrogen and progesterone receptors have been identifi ed in the glandular epithelium of endometrial polyps in both post-and premenopausal women, but the receptor expression appears to be disorderly compared with normal endometrium (Lopes et al 2007 ;Ryan et al 2005 ;Mittal et al 1996 ;McGurgan et al 2006a ). Furthermore, demonstrations of increased levels of Ki61, a marker of cell proliferation, and Bcl-2, an inhibitor of apoptosis, indicate that loss of usual control mechanisms for growth may be of importance in development of endometrial polyps (Inceboz et al 2006 ;McGurgan et al 2006a ;Maia et al 2004a ;Mertens et al 2002 ;Taylor et al 2003 ). This loss of proapoptotic mechanisms may be related to unopposed hyperestrogenism, because Bcl-2 expression increases in response to oestrogen (Mertens et al 2002 ;Dahmoun et al 1999 ).…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This loss of proapoptotic mechanisms may be related to unopposed hyperestrogenism, because Bcl-2 expression increases in response to oestrogen (Mertens et al 2002 ;Dahmoun et al 1999 ). Oestrogen may consequently have a role in the development of endometrial polyps either by direct stimulation of localized proliferation, or by stimulation of proliferation via activation of Ki67 or inhibition of apoptosis via Bcl-2 (Inceboz et al 2006 ). Available data also indicate that unopposed hyperestrogenism can lead to an abnormal increase of certain growth factors (GF) and growth factor receptors within the endometrium, which may stimulate endometrial polyp growth (Maia et al 2001 ).…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endometrial Polyps

Lieng

2014

Minimally Invasive Gynecological Surgery

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“…Previous studies demonstrated a higher ER expression in the epithelium and stroma of the endometrial polyps from menopausal patients Differences in estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in endometrial polyps and atrophic endometrium of postmenopausal women with and without exposure to tamoxifen in comparison to the adjacent atrophic endometrium (17)(18)(19). With regard to the expression of PR, previous studies have demonstrated a higher expression in the epithelium and not the stroma of the polyp, compared to the adjacent atrophic endometrium (17)(18)(19)(20). This finding suggests that endometrial polyps have a higher sensitivity to estrogen and progesterone and may develop even in the presence of low serum hormone concentrations (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in endometrial polyps and atrophic endometrium of postmenopausal women with and without exposure to tamoxifen

Leao

Andrade

Vassalo

et al. 2013

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

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Abstract.Postmenopausal women who use tamoxifen present with an increased incidence of endometrial alterations, such as polyps and hyperplasia, in addition to a higher risk of malignant endometrial neoplasms. Among these endometrial changes, polyps are the most common, with a pathogenesis associated with hormonal influence. The objective of this study was to compare the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) and progesterone receptors (PRs) in endometrial polyps from tamoxifen users with that in endometrial polyps and the atrophic endometrium of postmenopausal tamoxifen non-users. Among women undergoing surgical hysteroscopy, 84 tamoxifen users with benign endometrial polyps were selected. This group was compared to 84 samples of atrophic endometrium and to 252 benign polyps from postmenopausal women who were not treated with tamoxifen. The expression of ER̸PR was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis, according to the percentage of stained cells, intensity of nuclear staining and final score. The polyps from tamoxifen users exhibited a higher expression of ER and PR in the glandular epithelium and stroma compared to the atrophic endometrium (P<0.0001). Compared to the polyps from women not treated with tamoxifen, tamoxifen users exhibited a higher PR expression in the epithelium (P=0.0014) and stroma (P=0.0056), with no difference in the expression of ER. In conclusion, endometrial polyps frequently exhibit an increase in ER expression, regardless of tamoxifen use. High levels of PR expression appear to be consistent with the estrogen agonist effects of tamoxifen.

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Hormone Receptor Expressions and Proliferation Markers in Postmenopausal Endometrial Polyps

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Are Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension Risk Factors for Cervical Polyps?

Are Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension Risk Factors for Cervical Polyps?

Endometrial Polyps

Differences in estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in endometrial polyps and atrophic endometrium of postmenopausal women with and without exposure to tamoxifen

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