Hospitalization among street-involved youth who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada: a longitudinal analysis

Chang, Derek C.; Rieb, Launette; Nosova, Ekaterina; Liu, Yang; DeBeck, Kora

doi:10.1186/s12954-018-0223-0

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The relationship between homelessness and mental illness is bi-directional; homelessness can directly undermine mental health, and mental illness can directly lead to becoming homeless [30]. Homeless populations have high rates of mental illness, with studies finding between 42–80% of people who are homeless experience mental health struggles [24,31,32].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite homeless people’s many vulnerabilities to poor health—such as injuries, harsh weather exposure, and assault —there are numerous barriers to care—such as cost, lack of transport, and fear of judgement [30]. This suggests homeless people can be reluctant to use health services and delay seeking help until their conditions deteriorate, increasing the risk of hospitalisation [30]. Despite this, there is limited information on the experiences of those who identify as LGBTIQ+.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this, there is limited information on the experiences of those who identify as LGBTIQ+. Chang et al [30] looked at hospitalisation rates amongst homeless youth who used drugs; 75.9% of the respondents who had been hospitalised in the past six months identified as LGBTIQ+. Gattis [2] found LGBTIQ+ homeless youth were significantly more likely to be the victims of physical assault than heterosexual homeless youths.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

LGBTIQ+ Homelessness: A Review of the Literature

Fraser

Pierse

Chisholm

et al. 2019

IJERPH

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex, and Queer (LGBTIQ+) people’s experiences of homelessness is an under-explored area of housing and homelessness studies, despite this group making up 20–40% of homeless populations. Despite this, much of the existing literature focuses on specific elements of LGBTIQ+ homelessness, and often does not consider the intersections of these elements, instead placing them into individual siloes. Our approach is an intersectional one; this paper identifies the key themes in the existing research, and analyses how these themes interact to reinforce the discrimination and stigma faced by LGBTIQ+ people who experience homelessness. This intersectional-systems thinking approach to LGBTIQ+ homelessness can be used to develop well-informed, culturally sensitive support programmes.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

LGBTIQ+ Homelessness: A Review of the Literature

Fraser

Pierse

Chisholm

et al. 2019

IJERPH

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…soft‐tissue infections, psychiatric illness, pneumonia, cardiovascular complications, overdose) that often result in increased hospital service utilisation [1–2]. A study involving 1216 street‐involved youth who use drugs found that 373 (30.7%) participants were admitted to hospital in the previous 6 months at some point between January 2005 and May 2016, with mental illness being the top reported reason for admission (37.8%) [3]. Notably, in recent years, there has been a striking increase in hospital admissions for infective endocarditis, a potentially fatal consequence of injection drug use [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of migration from an illicit drug scene on hospital outcomes among people who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada

Beaulieu

Hayashi

Dong

et al. 2020

Drug and Alcohol Review

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction and Aims. People who use illicit drugs (PWUD) are vulnerable to an array of negative health outcomes, and increased hospital services utilisation. PWUD are also a transient population which poses challenges to the provision of optimal health care. The objective of this study was to identify out-migration patterns from Vancouver's Downtown Eastside (DTES), a neighbourhood where services for PWUD are concentrated, and to estimate the impact of these patterns on hospitalisation events among PWUD. Design and Methods. Data were collected through three prospective cohorts of PWUD in Vancouver, which were linked with health administrative data. Latent class growth analysis was used to define migration trajectory groups. Poisson regression was used to estimate the effect of migration patterns on hospitalisation events. Results. A total of 1180 participants were included in the study. Four latent classes were identified: early migration out (243, 20.6%); frequent revisit (112, 9.5%); late migration out (219, 18.6%); and consistently living in the DTES (606, 51.4%). Compared with those who consistently lived in the DTES, participants in the early migration out group had lower hospitalisation events (adjusted rate ratio = 0.65; 95% confidence interval: 0.48-0.90). Discussion and Conclusion. We found that PWUD who migrated out of the DTES early had lower hospitalisation events compared to those who consistently lived in the DTES, which may be a function of lesser addiction severity among this trajectory group. These findings underscore a need to provide transitional health and social service supports for other trajectory groups in an effort to minimise hospitalisation for preventable causes.

show abstract

“…Avoiding services for these health issues often allows them to deteriorate until they require hospitalization, which increases the health and economic burden associated with treating these conditions [35,37,39,40]. Previous studies of street-involved youth have found that nearly one-third report being hospitalized in the last 6 months and many authors have raised concerns about how cannabis use affects the acute and long-term health of vulnerable populations such as economically disadvantaged youth [41,42].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-intensity cannabis use and hospitalization: a prospective cohort study of street-involved youth in Vancouver, Canada

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background There is concern that cannabis use negatively affects vulnerable groups such as youth; however, the relationship between cannabis use and health care utilization has not been well characterized in this population. We longitudinally evaluated the association between daily cannabis use and hospitalization among a prospective cohort of street-involved youth. Methods Data were collected from the At-Risk Youth Study (ARYS) in Vancouver, Canada, from September 2005 to May 2015. Participants were interviewed semi-annually and multivariable generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between daily cannabis use and hospitalization. Results A total of 1216 participants (31.2% female) were included in this analysis, and 373 (30.7%) individuals reported hospitalization at some point during the study period. In a multivariable GEE analysis, daily cannabis use was not significantly associated with hospitalization (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 1.17, 95% Confidence interval [CI] = 0.84, 1.65). We did observe a significant interaction between daily cannabis use and sex (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.77), whereby cannabis use was associated with a decreased odds of hospitalization among males (AOR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.47, 0.78), yet was not significantly associated with hospitalization among females (AOR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.84, 1.67). Conclusions The finding that daily cannabis use was not associated with hospitalization among street-involved youth is encouraging given the high rates of cannabis use in this population and the expansion of cannabis legalization and regulation. Future studies, however, are warranted to monitor possible changes in the consequences of cannabis use as cannabis legalization and regulation increase internationally.

show abstract

Hospitalization among street-involved youth who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada: a longitudinal analysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

LGBTIQ+ Homelessness: A Review of the Literature

LGBTIQ+ Homelessness: A Review of the Literature

Impact of migration from an illicit drug scene on hospital outcomes among people who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada

High-intensity cannabis use and hospitalization: a prospective cohort study of street-involved youth in Vancouver, Canada

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About