Hospitalization period of COVID-19 for future plans in hospital

Sarmadi, Mohammad; Kakhki, Samaneh; Foroughi, Maryam; Abadi, Tahere Sarboozi Hosein; Nayyeri, Somayyeh; Moghadam, Vahid Kazemi; Ramezani, Mahsan

doi:10.1002/bjs.11871

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, the possible interaction between obesity, cholesterol level and age has not been fully addressed yet. Understanding COVID-19 risk factors would help both health care providers and policy makers to focus on targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies [ 25 , 26 ]. In this regard, we hypothesized that a population with a higher cholesterol level and a higher rate of obesity might experience higher COVID-19 incidence and mortality (COVID-19 variables), especially in countries with a low median age (< 20 years old).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19, body mass index and cholesterol: an ecological study using global data

et al. 2021

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Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now globally considered a serious economic, social and health threat. A wide range of health related factors including Body Mass Index (BMI) is reported to be associated with the disease. In the present study, we analyzed global databases to assess the correlation of BMI and cholesterol with the risk of COVID-19. Methods In this ecological study, we used age-standardized BMI and cholesterol levels as well as the incidence and mortality ratio of COVID-19 at the national-levels obtained from the publicly available databases such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Bivariate correlation analysis was applied to assess the correlations between the study variables. Mean differences (standard deviation: SD) of BMI and cholesterol levels of different groups were tested using independent sample t-test or Mann–Whitney rank test as appropriate. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to identify variables affecting the incidence and mortality ratio of COVID-19. Results Incidence and mortality ratio of COVID-19 were significantly higher in developed (29,639.85 ± 20,210.79 for cases and 503.24 ± 414.65 for deaths) rather than developing (8153.76 ± 11,626.36 for cases and 169.95 ± 265.78 for deaths) countries (P < 0.01). Results indicated that the correlations of BMI and cholesterol level with COVID-19 are stronger in countries with younger population. In general, the BMI and cholesterol level were positively correlated with COVID-19 incidence ratio (β = 2396.81 and β = 30,932.80, p < 0.01,‌ respectively) and mortality ratio (β = 38.18 and β = 417.52, p < 0.05,‌ respectively) after adjusting for socioeconomic and demographic factors. Conclusion Countries with higher BMI or cholesterol at aggregate levels had a higher ratios of COVID-19 incidence and mortality. The aggregated level of cholesterol and BMI are important risk factors for COVID-19 major outcomes, especially in developing countries with younger populations. We recommend monitoring and promotion of health indicices to better prevent morbidity and mortality of COVID-19.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19, body mass index and cholesterol: an ecological study using global data

et al. 2021

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“…For individuals hospitalized for COVID-19, a length of stay (LOS) of 11.54 (95% CI: 11.4–11.7) days was assumed, representing the mean LOS among non-severe patient categories hospitalized with COVID-19 reported in a meta-analysis of results from 9 studies [ 17 ]. Longer estimates of 14.56 (95% CI: 14.23–14.90) days were assumed for patients treated in the ICU with ventilation, reflecting the mean LOS among severe patient categories reported in a meta-analysis of results from 11 studies [ 17 ]. Although there is evidence of long-term COVID-19 health consequences [ 18 ], we did not include these in the model to be conservative.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-effectiveness analysis of COVID-19 vaccination in Poland

2021

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IntroductionTo assess the potential value of the Comirnaty COVID-19 vaccination in Poland.Material and methodsMarkov model with 1-week cycles was used to estimate patient events, direct medical costs, utilities and cost-effectiveness for one year with and without implementing the Comirnaty vaccine in Poland. The incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained vs. no vaccine was calculated for the general population as well as for selected age-groups.ResultsIn the base case analysis the incremental cost per QALY gained associated with vaccinating the whole population amounted 6,249 PLN. For individuals aged 60-69 and >80 vaccination proved to be less costly and more effective than no vaccination. The incremental cost per QALY gained when vaccinating individuals aged 40-49 and 30-39 amounted 28,135 PLN and 67,823 PLN, respectively. In the general population and in younger subpopulations the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was most sensitive to the vaccine effectiveness, vaccine price and SARS-CoV-2 infection rates.ConclusionsWhen prioritization is required due to supply constraints, vaccination of elderly is justified as it allows to achieve highest number of QALY gained and generates savings to the health care system. Continual update of the model concerning vaccine real-life effectiveness and epidemic course is required to refine the prioritisation scheme in the future.

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“…Mean hospitalization period (HP) found by one meta-analysis can be 14.88 days, with some studies indicating that a mean HP can be more than 20 days. 3 In our hospital, we also have patients who have been hospitalized for more than 20 days or remain inpatient after 20 days of symptom onset. Recently, isolation and precautions of one ICU patient who has been in hospital after 20 days of symptom onset was removed by infection control based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations that patients with more severe to critical illness or severe immunocompromise likely remain infectious no longer than 20 days after symptom onset, and extending duration of isolation and precautions for up to 20 days after symptom onset for severe cases is warranted.…”

Section: Do We Put Frontline Health Care Workers At More Risk With Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do we put frontline healthcare workers at more risk with the current CDC and WHO recommendations for ending isolation and precautions?

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et al. 2021

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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CoV-2 infection. Doctors in the cohort of those exposed to tracheotomy had a higher frequency of involvement in tracheal intubation procedures in COVID-19 patients, but the infection rate for this cohort did not increase.Tracheotomy is defined as early if it is performed within 10 days of tracheal intubation. 1 Percutaneous tracheotomies were performed within the first 10 days in 98% of our patients, while the latest procedure was performed after 12 days. Early percutaneous tracheotomy can offer an organizational advantage compared to the surgical one because procedures can be performed at the bedside. 8 This can be particularly useful in conditions of high demand, when almost all of the operating rooms are being used as ICU stations.In conclusion, early percutaneous tracheotomy, even when performed in COVID-19 patients, appears to be safe for healthcare workers when personal protective equipment is used.

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Hospitalization period of COVID-19 for future plans in hospital

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

COVID-19, body mass index and cholesterol: an ecological study using global data

COVID-19, body mass index and cholesterol: an ecological study using global data

Cost-effectiveness analysis of COVID-19 vaccination in Poland

Do we put frontline healthcare workers at more risk with the current CDC and WHO recommendations for ending isolation and precautions?

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