Host-antibody inductivity of virulent Entamoeba histolytica and non-virulent Entamoeba moshkovskii in a mouse model

Khomkhum, Narumol; Leetachewa, Somphob; Pawestri, Aulia Rahmi; Moonsom, Saengduen

doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3363-5

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The response of the different subclasses of IgG can be found in the T-dependent and T-independent response (Deenick et al 1999) against a wide variety of pathogens such as bacteria (Sidorin & Solov'eva 2011), viruses (Honda-Okubo et al 2015), and protozoa (Carrasco-Yepez et al 2014Khomkhum et al 2019;Ribeiro et al 2018), which led to the recent postulation of the quartet model theory, suggesting that the co-expression of the subclasses of IgG achieves harmony instead of competition for an effective response to pathogens (Collins 2016), explaining the varied response obtained with the different specific IgG subclasses against N. fowleri that we found in our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of FcγRIII in the nasal cavity of BALB/c mice in the primary amebic meningoencephalitis protection model

et al. 2023

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Different mechanisms of the host immune response against the primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) in the mouse protection model have been described. It has been proposed that antibodies opsonize Naegleria fowleri trophozoites; subsequently, the polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) surround the trophozoites to avoid the infection. FcγRs activate signaling pathways of adapter proteins such as Syk and Hck on PMNs to promote different effector cell functions which are induced by the Fc portion of the antibody-antigen complexes. In this work, we analyzed the activation of PMNs, epithelial cells, and nasal passage cells via the expression of Syk and Hck genes. Our results showed an increment of the FcγRIII and IgG subclasses in the nasal cavity from immunized mice as well as Syk and Hck expression was increased, whereas in the in vitro assay, we observed that when the trophozoites of N. fowleri were opsonized with IgG anti-N. fowleri and interacted with PMN, the expression of Syk and Hck was also increased. We suggest that PMNs are activated via their FcγRIII, which leads to the elimination of the trophozoites in vitro, while in the nasal cavity, the adhesion and consequently infection are avoided.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of FcγRIII in the nasal cavity of BALB/c mice in the primary amebic meningoencephalitis protection model

et al. 2023

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“…The positive control DNA of E. moshkovskii and E. dispar was obtained from the cloning of the SSU rRNA genes for E. moshkovskii and E. dispar into plasmid synthesized by Macrogen, Inc., South Korea, then the plasmids were used as reference. E. histolytica DNA was extracted from axenically grown E. histolytica (HM-1: IMSS) 65 and used as a positive control.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay for molecular detection of Entamoeba moshkovskii and Entamoeba dispar in stool samples

Hutagalung,

Rattaprasert,

Promptmas

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Entamoeba moshkovskii, recently known as a possible pathogenic amoeba, and the non-pathogenic Entamoeba dispar are morphologically indistinguishable by microscopy. Although PCR was used for differential diagnosis, gel electrophoresis is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and exposed to hazardous elements. In this study, nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA) was developed to detect E. moshkovskii and E. dispar by post-PCR amplicon analysis. E. moshkovskii primers were labeled with digoxigenin and biotin whereas primers of E. dispar were lebeled with FITC and digoxigenin. The gold nanoparticles were labeled with antibodies corresponding to particular labeling. Based on the established assay, NALFIA could detect as low as 975 fg of E. moshkovskii target DNA (982 parasites or 196 parasites/microliter), and 487.5 fg of E. dispar target DNA (444 parasites or 89 parasites/microliter) without cross-reactivity to other tested intestinal organisms. After testing 91 stool samples, NALFIA was able to detect seven E. moshkovskii (87.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity) and eight E. dispar samples (66.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity) compared to real-time PCR. Interestingly, it detected three mixed infections as real-time PCR. Therefore, it can be a rapid, safe, and effective method for the detection of the emerging pathogens E. moshkovskii and E. dispar in stool samples.

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“…Subsequently, 3 × 10 5 E. histolytica trophozoites were added to the top of the biofilm. Following a 60-minute incubation period, we quantified the destruction of the Caco-2 cell monolayer induced by the parasite, as described in a previous study 91 . To establish appropriate controls, we incubated the parasite with the Caco-2 cell monolayer in the absence of bacteria and with a suspension of 3 × 10 8 planktonic B. subtilis cells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestive exophagy of biofilms by intestinal amoeba and its impact on stress tolerance and cytotoxicity

Zanditenas,

Trebicz-Geffen,

Kolli

et al. 2023

npj Biofilms Microbiomes

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The human protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is responsible for amebiasis, a disease endemic to developing countries. E. histolytica trophozoites colonize the large intestine, primarily feeding on bacteria. However, in the gastrointestinal tract, bacterial cells form aggregates or structured communities called biofilms too large for phagocytosis. Remarkably, trophozoites are still able to invade and degrade established biofilms, utilizing a mechanism that mimics digestive exophagy. Digestive exophagy refers to the secretion of digestive enzymes that promote the digestion of objects too large for direct phagocytosis by phagocytes. E. histolytica cysteine proteinases (CPs) play a crucial role in the degradation process of Bacillus subtilis biofilm. These proteinases target TasA, a major component of the B. subtilis biofilm matrix, also contributing to the adhesion of the parasite to the biofilm. In addition, they are also involved in the degradation of biofilms formed by Gram-negative and Gram-positive enteric pathogens. Furthermore, biofilms also play an important role in protecting trophozoites against oxidative stress. This specific mechanism suggests that the amoeba has adapted to prey on biofilms, potentially serving as an untapped reservoir for novel therapeutic approaches to treat biofilms. Consistently, products derived from the amoeba have been shown to restore antibiotic sensitivity to biofilm cells. In addition, our findings reveal that probiotic biofilms can act as a protective shield for mammalian cells, hindering the progression of the parasite towards them.

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Host-antibody inductivity of virulent Entamoeba histolytica and non-virulent Entamoeba moshkovskii in a mouse model

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Role of FcγRIII in the nasal cavity of BALB/c mice in the primary amebic meningoencephalitis protection model

Role of FcγRIII in the nasal cavity of BALB/c mice in the primary amebic meningoencephalitis protection model

Development of nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay for molecular detection of Entamoeba moshkovskii and Entamoeba dispar in stool samples

Digestive exophagy of biofilms by intestinal amoeba and its impact on stress tolerance and cytotoxicity

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