Host factors important in sea lice infections

MacKinnon, Barbara M.

doi:10.1006/jmsc.1997.0361

Cited by 61 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…), but given the prevalence of scars at the fence, nearly half of the fish must have been able to heal their wounds after sea lice were shed upon freshwater entry, or perhaps those with visible wounds experienced greater infestation. A failure to heal wounds or vulnerability to greater infestation may be indicative of a stress‐induced reduction in immune function (MacKinnon ), which could lead to elevated mortality during migration. Alternatively, others have identified osmoregulatory failure due to loss of the skin's barrier function as a proximate cause of mortality for fish with missing skin (Olsen et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible Gill‐Net Injuries Predict Migration and Spawning Failure in Adult Sockeye Salmon

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fish that survive nontake fisheries interactions may subsequently die, a phenomenon that is generically termed “fisheries‐related incidental mortality” (FRIM). Gill nets, which typically asphyxiate fish and visibly damage their integument, inflict higher rates of FRIM than other commonly used gears. To better define FRIM associated with gill‐net encounters, an observational study coupled with biotelemetry measured migration survival and spawning success of a Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka population during the final 45 km of their freshwater spawning migration (in 2014, 2015, and 2016). The daily prevalence of gill‐net injuries ranged from 0% to 80% of fish, resulting in an annual prevalence of 21–29% for females and 13–22% for males (over 3 years). Fish with visible gill‐net wounds had a 16% lower probability of completing their migration, and female fish with gill‐net wounds had an 18% lower probability of successfully spawning. As a result, the annual proportion of effective female spawners that died in the final 45 km of their migration due to gill‐net injuries was estimated to range from 3.8% to 9.9% (500 to 1,600 females). In addition, stray Sockeye Salmon from upriver populations commonly died at the tagging site, and visible gill‐net injuries were observed in half of those fish during a year with high mortality. If wild salmon populations continue to decline as climate change progresses, fisheries managers will be under greater pressure to minimize FRIM.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible Gill‐Net Injuries Predict Migration and Spawning Failure in Adult Sockeye Salmon

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Generally, poor nutrition is thought to reduce the resistance of fish hosts to disease (28,29), and parasitized prey are known to be more vulnerable to predation (30,31). These interactions would likely increase mortality estimates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epizootics of wild fish induced by farm fish

Krkošek

Lewis

Morton

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

184

244

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The continuing decline of ocean fisheries and rise of global fish consumption has driven aquaculture growth by 10% annually over the last decade. The association of fish farms with disease emergence in sympatric wild fish stocks remains one of the most controversial and unresolved threats aquaculture poses to coastal ecosystems and fisheries. We report a comprehensive analysis of the spread and impact of farm-origin parasites on the survival of wild fish populations. We mathematically coupled extensive data sets of native parasitic sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) transmission and pathogenicity on migratory wild juvenile pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum (Oncorhynchus keta) salmon. Farm-origin lice induced 9 -95% mortality in several sympatric wild juvenile pink and chum salmon populations. The epizootics arise through a mechanism that is new to our understanding of emerging infectious diseases: fish farms undermine a functional role of host migration in protecting juvenile hosts from parasites associated with adult hosts. Although the migratory life cycles of Pacific salmon naturally separate adults from juveniles, fish farms provide L. salmonis novel access to juvenile hosts, in this case raising infection rates for at least the first Ϸ2.5 months of the salmon's marine life (Ϸ80 km of the migration route). Spatial segregation between juveniles and adults is common among temperate marine fishes, and as aquaculture continues its rapid growth, this disease mechanism may challenge the sustainability of coastal ecosystems and economies.aquaculture ͉ emerging infectious disease ͉ migration ͉ salmon ͉ sea lice

show abstract

“…Host location by sea lice is related to two aspects: (i) orientation of the copepodid towards the natural environment of the host and (ii) recognition of a potential host (MacKinnon 1998; Hevrøy, Boxaspen, Oppedal, Taranger & Holm 2003).…”

Section: Sea Louse Host Location Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of host finding behaviour in the parasitic sea louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Caligidae: Copepoda)

Mordue

Birkett

2009

Journal of Fish Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ectoparasitic sea lice are the most important parasite problem to date for the salmon farming industry in the northern and southern hemispheres. An understanding of host location in the specialist species, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, the most important louse species in the North Atlantic, is now being realized using behavioural in vitro and in vivo bioassays coupled with chemical analysis of fish conditioned waters. Both physical and chemical cues are important in host location. Responses of sea lice to physical cues such as light and salinity may enable them to gather in areas where host fish are likely to be found. Mechanoreception is an important sensory modality in host location and acts by switching on specific behaviours that enable landing on a fish. Chemoreception plays a defining role in host location and recognition. The detection of host kairomones switches on 'host search' behavioural patterns and also induces landing responses whereas non-host kairomones fail to induce attraction or significant landing behaviour. Semiochemicals derived from salmon and also non-host fish have been identified, and may prove useful for the development of integrated pest management strategies, by the introduction of odour traps for monitoring lice numbers, and by the use of stimulo-deterrent diversionary (push:pull) strategies in their control.

show abstract

Host factors important in sea lice infections

Cited by 61 publications

References 24 publications

Visible Gill‐Net Injuries Predict Migration and Spawning Failure in Adult Sockeye Salmon

Visible Gill‐Net Injuries Predict Migration and Spawning Failure in Adult Sockeye Salmon

Epizootics of wild fish induced by farm fish

A review of host finding behaviour in the parasitic sea louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Caligidae: Copepoda)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About