Water,
in addition to acting as a solvent, plays a constructional
role in aqueous self-assembly. The hydrophobic molecule of POSS-PDI-POSS
(POSS = polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes, PDI = perylene diimide)
has a shape anisotropy in which POSS is a ball-like bulky group and
PDI is a flat aromatic group. The self-assembly of this molecule in
water created assemblies with inner spaces due to the steric effect,
which suppressed aromatic interactions of PDI and trapped water for
the colloidal stability. By replacing POSS with dodecyl (C12), C12-PDI-C12 aggregated with extended aromatic
interaction of PDI and less inner water. The resulting aggregates
tended to agglomerate and precipitate. This discovery extended the
scope of aqueous self-assembly by using the building blocks without
amphiphilicity and created knowledge for biophysics.