Host-Inducible Immunogenic Sphingomyelinase-Like Protein, Lk73.5, of<i>Leptospira interrogans</i>

Artiushin, Sergey; Timoney, John F.; Nally, Jarlath E.; Verma, Ashutosh

doi:10.1128/iai.72.2.742-749.2004

Cited by 56 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In contrast, the amount of leptospiral lipopolysaccharide produced was shown to be diminished on bacteria recovered from acutely infected guinea pig liver but not on leptospires chronically colonizing rat renal tubules (26). The Lk73.5 sphingomyelinase was also detected in leptospires grown in vivo but not in vitro (2). The environmental cue(s) for these changes are unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

Effects of Temperature on Gene Expression Patterns in Leptospira interrogans Serovar Lai as Assessed by Whole-Genome Microarrays

Lo¹,

et al. 2006

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Leptospirosis is an important zoonosis of worldwide distribution. Humans become infected via exposure to pathogenic Leptospira spp. from infected animals or contaminated water or soil. The availability of genome sequences for Leptospira interrogans, serovars Lai and Copenhageni, has opened up opportunities to examine global transcription profiles using microarray technology. Temperature is a key environmental factor known to affect leptospiral protein expression. Leptospira spp. can grow in artificial media at a range of temperatures reflecting conditions found in the environment and the mammalian host. Therefore, transcriptional changes were compared between cultures grown at 20°C, 30°C, 37°C, and 39°C to represent ambient temperatures in the environment, growth under laboratory conditions, and temperatures in healthy and febrile hosts. Data from direct pairwise comparisons of the four temperatures were consolidated to examine transcriptional changes at two generalized biological conditions representing mammalian physiological temperatures (37°C and 39°C) versus environmental temperatures (20°C and 30°C). Additionally, cultures grown at 30°C then shifted overnight to 37°C were compared with those grown long-term at 30°C and 37°C to identify genes potentially expressed in the early stages of infection. Comparison of data sets from physiological versus environmental experiments with upshift experiments provided novel insights into possible transcriptional changes at different stages of infection. Changes included differential expression of chemotaxis and motility genes, signal transduction systems, and genes encoding proteins involved in alteration of the outer membrane. These findings indicate that temperature is an important factor regulating expression of proteins that facilitate invasion and establishment of disease.

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confidence: 79%

Effects of Temperature on Gene Expression Patterns in Leptospira interrogans Serovar Lai as Assessed by Whole-Genome Microarrays

Lo¹,

et al. 2006

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“…There are reports on the biological activity of recombinant hemolysins including the hemolytic, enzymatic (sphingomyelinase and phospholipase) and pore-forming activity of these molecules [Artiushin et al, 2004;Lee et al, 2000;Lee et al, 2002]. Studies in our lab are also focused in the structural elucidation and functional characterization of the sphingomyelinases (under communication).…”

Section: Leptospiral Hemolysinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Leptospirosis, a Neglected Disease

Sritharan¹

2012

Zoonosis

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“…Some of these proteins are constitutively expressed during cultivation in artificial medium and are detected during infection of the mammalian host (5,19,24,25). However, other OMPs have been shown to be differentially regulated during infection (1,36,46).…”

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confidence: 99%

Response of Leptospira interrogans to Physiologic Osmolarity: Relevance in Signaling the Environment-to-Host Transition

et al. 2007

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Transmission of pathogenic Leptospira between mammalian hosts usually involves dissemination via soil or water contaminated by the urine of carrier animals. The ability of Leptospira to adapt to the diverse conditions found inside and outside the host is reflected in its relatively large genome size and high percentage of signal transduction genes. An exception is Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo, which is transmitted by direct contact and appears to have lost genes necessary for survival outside the mammalian host. Invasion of host tissues by Leptospira interrogans involves a transition from a low osmolar environment outside the host to a higher physiologic osmolar environment within the host. Expression of the lipoprotein LigA and LigB adhesins is strongly induced by an upshift in osmolarity to the level found in mammalian host tissues. These data suggest that Leptospira utilizes changes in osmolarity to regulate virulence characteristics. To better understand how L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni adapts to osmolar conditions that correspond with invasion of a mammalian host, we quantified alterations in transcript levels using whole-genome microarrays. Overnight exposure in leptospiral culture medium supplemented with sodium chloride to physiologic osmolarity significantly altered the transcript levels of 6% of L. interrogans genes. Repressed genes were significantly more likely to be absent or pseudogenes in L. borgpetersenii, suggesting that osmolarity is relevant in studying the adaptation of L. interrogans to host conditions. Genes induced by physiologic osmolarity encoded a higher than expected number of proteins involved in signal transduction. Further, genes predicted to encode lipoproteins and those coregulated by temperature were overrepresented among both salt-induced and salt-repressed genes. In contrast, leptospiral homologues of hyperosmotic or general stress genes were not induced at physiologic osmolarity. These findings suggest that physiologic osmolarity is an important signal for regulation of gene expression by pathogenic leptospires during transition from ambient conditions to the host tissue environment.

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Host-Inducible Immunogenic Sphingomyelinase-Like Protein, Lk73.5, ofLeptospira interrogans

Cited by 56 publications

References 50 publications

Effects of Temperature on Gene Expression Patterns in Leptospira interrogans Serovar Lai as Assessed by Whole-Genome Microarrays

Effects of Temperature on Gene Expression Patterns in Leptospira interrogans Serovar Lai as Assessed by Whole-Genome Microarrays

Insights into Leptospirosis, a Neglected Disease

Response of Leptospira interrogans to Physiologic Osmolarity: Relevance in Signaling the Environment-to-Host Transition

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