Hosting capacity of large scale PV power station in future distribution networks

Line-End Voltage and Voltage Profile along Power Distribution Line with Large-Power Photovoltaic Generation System

“…(1) The allowable limit of the output power from the PV system is proportional to the square of the sendingend voltage. Thus, the allowable limit can be enlarged by the rise of the sending-end voltage (2) The allowable limit is inversely proportional to the whole line length D. Therefore, the long power distribution system cannot be allowed to introduce the larger-power PV system compared with the short-line power distribution system Figure 11 illustrates the dependence of the receiving-end voltage V r on the output power P r derived from equation (13) for the line impedance of r + jx = 0 3 + j0 4 Ω/km. In this figure, the corresponding line current I L is also plotted as a function of the output power P r .…”

“…On the contrary, the voltage reduction in a distribution feeder due to the reverse power flow from large-scale PV systems has been reported [13,14]. As mentioned above, it is well accepted that the reverse power flow from a PV system causes the voltage rise in a distribution system.…”

“…As mentioned above, it is well accepted that the reverse power flow from a PV system causes the voltage rise in a distribution system. In [13,14], the authors indicated that the voltage in a distribution feeder decreased with the increase in the reverse power flow from the PV system in cases where the reverse power flow is drastically larger than the supply power to the load in the distribution system. We showed from basic circuit theory that the large reverse current from a PV system might cause a reduction in the voltage of the interconnection node in the case of a long distribution line [15].…”

Determination method of Volt‐Var and Volt‐Watt curve for smart inverters applying optimization of active/reactive power allocation for each inverter

“…Massive penetration of photovoltaics (PV) in power distribution networks contributes to increase in voltage rise and fluctuation, and there are concerns about complications in the voltage quality management. Various solutions to these problems have been explored such as installation of step voltage regulators (SVR), static reactive power compensator (SVC) and other voltage controllers, decentralized installation of pole transformers, use of thicker distribution wires, partial voltage boost in high‐voltage distribution lines, etc . In addition, research has been made on reactive power control using PV power conditioning systems (PCS); presently, specified power factor operation of PCS has been included in the Grid‐interconnection Code…”

“…Various solutions to these problems have been explored such as installation of step voltage regulators (SVR), static reactive power compensator (SVC) and other voltage controllers, decentralized installation of pole transformers, use of thicker distribution wires, partial voltage boost in high-voltage distribution lines, etc. [1][2][3][4] In addition, research has been made on reactive power control using PV power conditioning systems (PCS); presently, specified power factor operation of PCS has been included in the Grid-interconnection Code. 5 On the other hand, smart inverters are explored as PCS with advanced power control functions and communication functions.…”