Hosts of <i>Phakopsora pachyrhizi</i> Identified in Field Evaluations in Florida

Slaminko, T. L.; Miles, M. R.; Marois, James J.; Wright, David L.; Hartman, G. L.

doi:10.1094/php-2008-1103-01-rs

Cited by 15 publications

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“…Asia to every continent where soybean is grown and was first found in the continental United States in November 2004 (Schneider et al, 2005). The spread of P. pachyrhizi has surely been facilitated by an unusually broad host range (Slaminko et al, 2008). The fungus is an obligate biotroph and is sensitive to temperatures less than 4°C (Bromfield, 1984).…”

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Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm Accessions for Resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi Populations in the Southeastern United States, 2009–2012

et al. 2014

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Between 2009 and 2012, 118 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] accessions from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection were screened for resistance to soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) at up to five locations in the southeastern United States. In 2009, plant introductions (PIs) from maturity groups III through IX were evaluated for relative disease severity and intensity of sporulation from uredinia compared with 12 susceptible cultivars from the same range of maturity groups. Resistance evaluations were based primarily on disease severity and intensity of sporulation from rust pustules. To assess resistance at several nurseries, a rust index score was calculated from the severity and sporulation ratings. Many of the PIs were moderately to highly resistant at the 2009 locations between Alabama and South Carolina, but the P. pachyrhizi population in Bossier City, LA, was virulent on most of those accessions. The 2011 rating data from Quincy, FL, indicated an increase in the virulence of the pathogen there since 2009, and this trend was observed again in 2012. In contrast, many of the same PIs developed substantially less soybean rust in Attapulgus, GA, in 2012. Despite the comparatively greater disease that many accessions had in Louisiana in 2009 and in Quincy in 2011 and 2012, at least 78 PIs were resistant in Georgia in 2012, and 20 of those were at least moderately resistant in both Florida and Georgia that year. No accessions were immune to rust at all of the nurseries, but PI 200492 (Rpp1), PI 547875 (a backcross line with Rpp1), and PI 567102B (Rpp6) were the most resistant of the accessions with named resistance genes and were among the most resistant accessions overall. Among the most resistant accessions with unknown resistance genes, PI 416826A, PI 417125, PI 567034, and PI 567104B consistently had effective levels of resistance in different locations and years. Information about the most resistant PIs and their reactions to soybean rust infection across years and locations will be useful for the development of rust‐resistant soybean cultivars in the United States.

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Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm Accessions for Resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi Populations in the Southeastern United States, 2009–2012

et al. 2014

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“…(11,17,62) (Sidebar 2: Kudzu in the city: Soybean rust overwintering in urban environments). For a complete list of currently recognized hosts of P. pachyrhizi, see Rytter et al (59), and Slaminko et al (66,67).…”

Section: Time To Monitor: Detection Of Sbr In North Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Coordinated Effort to Manage Soybean Rust in North America: A Success Story in Soybean Disease Monitoring

et al. 2014

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Existing crop monitoring programs determine the incidence and distribution of plant diseases and pathogens and assess the damage caused within a crop production region. These programs have traditionally used observed or predicted disease and pathogen data and environmental information to prescribe management practices that minimize crop loss. Monitoring programs are especially important for crops with broad geographic distribution or for diseases that can cause rapid and great economic losses. Successful monitoring programs have been developed for several plant diseases, including downy mildew of cucurbits, Fusarium head blight of wheat, potato late blight, and rusts of cereal crops. A recent example of a successful disease-monitoring program for an economically important crop is the soybean rust (SBR) monitoring effort within North America. SBR, caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, was first identified in the continental United States in November 2004. SBR causes moderate to severe yield losses globally. The fungus produces foliar lesions on soybean (Glycine max) and other legume hosts. P. pachyrhizi diverts nutrients from the host to its own growth and reproduction. The lesions also reduce photosynthetic area. Uredinia rupture the host epidermis and diminish stomatal regulation of transpiration to cause tissue desiccation and premature defoliation. Severe soybean yield losses can occur if plants defoliate during the mid-reproductive growth stages. The rapid response to the threat of SBR in North America resulted in an unprecedented amount of information dissemination and the development of a real-time, publicly available monitoring and prediction system known as the Soybean Rust-Pest Information Platform for Extension and Education (SBR-PIPE). The objectives of this article are (i) to highlight the successful response effort to SBR in North America, and (ii) to introduce researchers to the quantity and type of data generated by SBR-PIPE. Data from this system may now be used to answer questions about the biology, ecology, and epidemiology of an important pathogen and disease of soybean.

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“…In the United States, the pathogen overwinters in areas where the temperature remains above 4°C ( Jurick et al, 2008). However, the pathogen has been reported to occur on more than 150 legume species worldwide (Sinclair and Hartman, 1999;Slaminko et al, 2008). Ohwi], commonly found in the southeastern United States, is the main source of P. pachyrhizi inoculum for soybean each growing season as the pathogen can survive on this host in the southern, frost-free regions of the United States in the winter months (Christiano and Scherm, 2007;Sinclair and Hartman, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Ohwi], commonly found in the southeastern United States, is the main source of P. pachyrhizi inoculum for soybean each growing season as the pathogen can survive on this host in the southern, frost-free regions of the United States in the winter months (Christiano and Scherm, 2007;Sinclair and Hartman, 1999). However, the pathogen has been reported to occur on more than 150 legume species worldwide (Sinclair and Hartman, 1999;Slaminko et al, 2008). In the United States, it has also been reported on Florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum) in both Georgia and Alabama, so that species could be an additional overwintering host for SBR (Delaney et al, 2012;Sconyers et al, 2006).…”

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Identification of Unique Genetic Sources of Soybean Rust Resistance from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection

et al. 2015

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Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rust is caused by the fungal pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi. Six rust resistance loci (Rpp1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) have been reported. Crosses were made between 75 resistant plant introductions (PIs) and a susceptible elite line or cultivar. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) was used to determine if the PI resistance genes mapped to a previously identified locus or to an unreported locus. Fifty‐two PIs had resistance genes that mapped to the Rpp3 region on chromosome 6 of the soybean genome. A set of P. pachyrhizi isolates was used to further characterize the resistance of these PIs. Forty‐two of the PIs exhibited the same reaction profiles as either PI 462312 (Rpp3) or ‘Hyuuga’ (Rpp3 and Rpp5) to the panel of isolates. The fine mapping of Rpp1, Rpp3, and Rpp4 and the availability of the SoySNP50K Infinium Chip data on the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection made it possible to use BSA and isolate data on these PIs to determine in retrospect how effective haplotype analysis would be in narrowing down the PIs to those likely to have a unique source of resistance. Thirty‐seven of the 52 PIs (71%) mapping to the Rpp3 region had a haplotype identical to that of PI 462312. A combination of these analyses could prove useful in more rapidly narrowing down resistant PIs to those likely to carry a unique resistance gene.

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Hosts of Phakopsora pachyrhizi Identified in Field Evaluations in Florida

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm Accessions for Resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi Populations in the Southeastern United States, 2009–2012

Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm Accessions for Resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi Populations in the Southeastern United States, 2009–2012

A Coordinated Effort to Manage Soybean Rust in North America: A Success Story in Soybean Disease Monitoring

Identification of Unique Genetic Sources of Soybean Rust Resistance from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection

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