Hot dry rocks: An inexhaustible and renewable source of energy

Gnatus, N. A.; Khutorskoy, M. D.

doi:10.1134/s0024490210060064

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…𝐁 = 𝜇 0 𝜇 𝑟 𝐇 (7) where 𝐀 is the magnetic vector potential, Wb/m;𝜎 is the electrical conductivity, S∕m; 𝑡 is the time, s; 𝜑 is the electrical potential, V; 𝜀 0 is the vacuum permittivity with the values of 8.854 × 10 −12 F∕m; 𝜀 r is the relative permittivity of the medium (rock, electrode and insulating liquid);𝜇 0 is the vacuum permeability with the values of 1.26 × 10 −6 H∕m; 𝜇 r is the relative permeability.…”

Section: Electromagnetic Field Control Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5] According to statistics, the drilling cost of HDR accounts for 60%−75% of the total cost of geothermal development projects, and the drilling operation time accounts for more than 40% of the total construction time, which seriously restricts the efficient exploitation of geothermal resources. 6,7 Therefore, exploring a new type of rock-breaking and speed-raising technology for the scale-effective development of dry-heat geothermal resources is of great significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, dry thermal geothermal resources mainly exist in granite with low permeability, high abrasiveness and high hardness, 2 and deep dry thermal rocks represented by granite have “four high” problems: high geostress, high hardness, high temperature and high densification, and they face many challenges in drilling, fracking, heat extraction and other vital aspects 3–5 . According to statistics, the drilling cost of HDR accounts for 60%−75% of the total cost of geothermal development projects, and the drilling operation time accounts for more than 40% of the total construction time, which seriously restricts the efficient exploitation of geothermal resources 6,7 . Therefore, exploring a new type of rock‐breaking and speed‐raising technology for the scale‐effective development of dry‐heat geothermal resources is of great significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The mechanism of granite breaking by electric pulse under high temperature and high pressure environment

Liu,

Zhou,

Zhu

2024

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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High‐voltage electric pulse drilling technology has the advantages of high rock‐breaking efficiency, and low rock‐breaking energy consumption, which is one of the most promising rock‐breaking methods in geothermal drilling. However, there is insufficient understanding of the mechanism of high‐voltage electric pulse breaking of HDR under high‐temperature and high‐pressure environments (HTHP). In this paper, a numerical simulation model of electric breakdown under HTHP is constructed, and the whole process of high voltage electric pulse rock‐breaking and plasma channel generation is realized from the seven‐field coupling of circuit field, current field, magnetic field, breakdown field, heat transfer field, solid mechanics field and flow field. The temperature changes in the rock during the electric pulse rock‐breaking process were comprehensively analyzed, and the effects of different initial rock temperatures (200°C, 300°C, 400°C) and surrounding pressure conditions (30, 60, 90 MPa) on the high‐voltage electric pulse rock breaking law were considered. It is found that the thermal conductivity of the rock shows an increasing and then decreasing trend as the initial temperature of the rock increases, and that the thermal conductivity has a tendency to guide the development of plasma channels, and the radius of the plasma channels increases with the increase of the initial temperature of the rock. The heat transfer generated by high‐voltage electric pulse rock breaking is mainly in conduction, and the distribution shape of conduction heat is similar to the shape of the breakdown channel. The research in this paper can provide theoretical and technical guidance for developing electric pulse rock‐breaking technology.

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Section: Electromagnetic Field Control Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The mechanism of granite breaking by electric pulse under high temperature and high pressure environment

Liu,

Zhou,

Zhu

2024

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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“…В части, касающейся энергетической значимости данных факторов по отношению к внутриземным термомеханическим условиям, можно привести следующие оценки. В публикациях [Gnatus, Khutorskoy, 2010;Gnatus' et al, 2011] приводятся сведения о том, что общий вынос тепла недр к земной поверхности оценивается в 3×10 13 Вт, тогда как энергетическая мощность вариаций вращения нашей планеты составляет 10 13 -10 14 Вт. Следовательно, приведенные оценки разных энергетических источников сопоставимы по порядку величин.…”

Section: районunclassified

Estimated Geodynamic Impact From Zones of Collision and Subduction on the Seismotectonic Regime in the Baikal Rift

Ruzhich¹,

Кочарян²,

Левина³

2016

Geodin. tektonofiz.

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The paper briefly overviews the evolution of ideas concerning causes and mechanisms related to the origin of the Baikal rift zone (BRZ) in the centre of the Eurasian plate, discusses parameters of the recent seismogeodynamic impact on the seismotectonic regime in BRZ due to the Western Pacific subduction and the Indo-Eurasian collision, and attempts at estimating their contributions to the modern geodynamics of rifting processes in Pribaikalie. Seismic migration processes and specific density patterns of the released seismic energy are analyzed for two selected profiles between BRZ and the regions of collision and subduction. A statistical method is proposed to calculate seismic migration from space-time diagrams, and equations are developed to show a decrease in specific density of seismic energy released in the lithosphere at a distance from the interplate boundaries towards the Baikal rift. The modern geodynamic impact on the seismotectonic regime in BRZ due to the Indo-Eurasian collision is reflected in moderate horizontal compression of the lithosphere, mainly in the southwestern BRZ and partly in the central BRZ. In the transition area in this profile, the specific density of released seismic energy is about 1.72×1010 J/km 2. The geodynamic impact on the seismotectonic regime in BRZ from the subduction zone (from the Nankai trough) is shown by a significantly lower specific density of released seismic energy, 1.02×1010 J/km 2. In the lithosphere of the northeastern BRZ, a weaker geodynamic influence is mainly manifested by responses to strong seismic events and earthquake focal mechanisms with a clear strike-slip component in the Chara and Tokka basins located in the Aldan shield of the Siberian platform. We discuss a possible mechanism that drives the propagation of the geodynamic impact on BRZ from the interplate contact areas. In our opinion, the geodynamic influence propagates intermittently in the lithospheric plates due to motions of slow-deformation-wave fronts, which are reflected in the diagrams as seismic activity clusters. The longrange propagation of slow waves is realized through triggering of active faults in the lithosphere. Such faults interacting with slow wave deformations may be manifested as excited sources of dissipation of seismic oscillations resulting from a spontaneous release of the energy accumulated in the Earth interior. This mechanism of endogenous energy supply may explain the observed propagation of recordable slow elastoplastic deformations for many thousands of kilometres. Today, when the new materials are available to show more ancient ages of the early elements of BRZ, and it is established that the tectonic energy is reduced with distance from the interplate boundaries, there is no support for the hypothesis based on the role of the Indo-Eurasian collision in the formation of BRZ. A recordable seismotectonic impact on the seismic regime in BRZ can occasionally occur after a major seismic activity in the regions of collision and subduction. This phenomenon may be used as ...

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“…High dry rock (HDR) [1] can be directly extracted to obtain hot steam and water that can be used to generate clean energy [2]. Tibet, Yunnan, Hainan, and the northeast and southeast coastal areas of China have a large amount of hot dry rock geothermal resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Output Performance Model of Turbodrill Blade Used in a Slim Borehole

et al. 2016

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Small-diameter turbodrills have great potential for use in slim boreholes because of their lower cost and higher efficiency when used in geothermal energy and other underground resource applications. Multistage hydraulic components consisting of stators and rotors are key aspects of turbodrills. This study aimed to develop a suitable blade that can be used under high temperature in granite formations. First, prediction models for single-and multi-stage blades were established based on Bernoulli's Equation. The design requirement of the blade for high-temperature geothermal drilling in granite was proposed. A Φ89 blade was developed based on the dimensionless parameter method and Bezier curve; the parameters of the blade, including its radial size, symotric parameters, and blade profiles, were input into ANASYS and CFX to establish a calculation model of the single-stage blade. The optimization of the blade structure of the small-diameter turbodrill enabled a multistage turbodrill model to be established and the turbodrill's overall output performance to be predicted. The results demonstrate that the design can meet the turbodrill's performance requirements and that the multistage model can effectively improve the accuracy of the prediction.

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Hot dry rocks: An inexhaustible and renewable source of energy

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

The mechanism of granite breaking by electric pulse under high temperature and high pressure environment

The mechanism of granite breaking by electric pulse under high temperature and high pressure environment

Estimated Geodynamic Impact From Zones of Collision and Subduction on the Seismotectonic Regime in the Baikal Rift

Design and Output Performance Model of Turbodrill Blade Used in a Slim Borehole

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