Hot injection synthesis of CuInS<sub>2</sub> nanocrystals using metal xanthates and their application in hybrid solar cells

Perner, Verena; Rath, Thomas; Pirolt, Franz; Glatter, Otto; Wewerka, Karin; Letofsky-Papst, Ilse; Zach, Peter; Hobisch, Mathias; Kunert, Birgit; Trimmel, Gregor

doi:10.1039/c8nj04823a

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The spectrum of 1‐dodecanethiol shows characteristics peaks at 2925 and 2855 cm −1 which are attributed to the C−H stretching vibrations. However, the S−H vibration at 2572 cm −1 for 1‐dodecanethiol and the C−S and C−S−C ring observed around 891 cm −1 and at 661 cm −1 for G1PPT were absent in CuInSe 2 sample, illustrating the establishment of metal–sulfide bonds [63].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Electro‐photovoltaics of Polymer‐stabilized Copper–Indium Selenide Quantum Dot

et al. 2020

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Semiconducting quantum dot (QD) materials formed by the combination of groups I, III and VI elements are perceived as promising green materials with excellent photovoltaic properties, owing to their nearinfrared (NIR) remarkable range and less harmful elements. In this study electroactive~7 nm copper indium selenide quantum dot (CuInSe 2 QD) capped with generation 1 poly (propylene thiophene) dendrimer (G1PPT), was synthesised via the hot injection method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) signatures of the dendrimer confirmed the effective functionalization of CuInSe 2 with G1PPT. Characteristic ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption band at 784 nm and a Tauc plot band gap energy (E gd) value of 1.51 eV which indicates a very significant photovoltaic behaviour of the CuInSe 2-G1PPT QD. The cyclic voltammetrically-deduced HOMO (-5.140 eV) and LUMO (À 3.537 eV) energy levels gave an electrochemical bandgap (E el gap) value of 1.60 eV. The electron-hole Coulomb interaction energy (J e;h) was determined to be 90 MeV, which confirms that the light absorbed by CuInSe 2-G1PPT QD mainly produce photon absorption excitons, making the material highly suitable for photovoltaic application.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Electro‐photovoltaics of Polymer‐stabilized Copper–Indium Selenide Quantum Dot

et al. 2020

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“…The first weight loss may be due to the evaporation of moisture and other organic solvents, and the second mass loss can be attributed to the detachment of thiol (TGA) ligands present in the ZCIS-2 moiety, indicating better stability of the QD up to 600 °C. 50,51 Furthermore, a comparison plot for H 2 O 2 evolution and CIP degradation of various photocatalysts is given in Figure 8, which shows the superiority of the present work (ZCIS QD) over other QD systems previously reported. 52−64 Photocatalytic Ciprofloxacin Degradation.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Defect Control via Compositional Engineering of Zn-Cu-In-S Alloyed QDs for Photocatalytic H₂O₂ Generation and Micropollutant Degradation: Affecting Parameters, Kinetics, and Insightful Mechanism

et al. 2022

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Photocatalytic H 2 O 2 production and recalcitrant pollutant degradation are regarded as promising clean technology toward achieving sustainable solar-to-chemical energy conversion. Herein, nonstoichiometric Zn-Cu-In-S (ZCIS) quaternary alloyed quantum dots (QDs) are rationally fabricated via a reflux method toward H 2 O 2 generation and ciprofloxacin degradation under visible light irradiation. The optimum catalyst (ZCIS-2) exhibits a notable H 2 O 2 production of 1685.2 μmole h −1 g −1 (solar-tochemical conversion efficiency (SCC), 0.19%), which is 5.3 times higher than that of CuInS 2 (CIS), and a ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation efficiency of 96% in 2 h. The observed improvement in activity corresponds to optimized exciton separation/transfer, broad photon absorption, tunable band alignment, and effective adsorption/activation. In addition, oxygen reduction goes through both direct two-electron single-step reduction and single-electron two-step superoxide radical pathways, whereas CIP degradation proceeds via direct • O 2 − and indirect • OH radical pathways, as confirmed by scavenger experiments. An appropriate amount of defects improves the adsorption/activation of O 2 toward H 2 O 2 and active oxygen species generation that facilitates CIP degradation. The effect of operational parameters, such as pH, surrounding environment, presence of ions, sacrificial agent, etc., on both H 2 O 2 formation and CIP removal is vividly studied. Hence, the current study will provide an in-depth insight into O 2 photoreduction and micropollutant removal, which encourages further advancement of potent alloyed quantum dot-oriented photocatalytic systems.

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“…Generally, hot injection exploits the fact that hot solutions containing the metal precursor are an efficient reaction medium to very rapidly nucleate nanoparticles. This is largely due to the fact that the reaction temperatures lead to a rapid sulfur (i. e. H 2 S) release from the injected sulfur sources and hence a rapid and very uniform crystal nucleation and growth is typically observed [62–66] …”

Section: Metal Sulfide Nanoparticle Synthesis Without Ilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A particularly interesting approach, however, is the use of single source precursors, where a precursor molecule contains both the sulfur atom(s) and all metal ions required for the formation of the final product, [89–93] (Figure 5). Examples of such single source precursors include xanthates, dithiocarbamates, thiooxalates, and others [62,82,94–104] …”

Section: Metal Sulfide Nanoparticle Synthesis Without Ilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Sulfide Nanoparticle Synthesis with Ionic Liquids – State of the Art and Future Perspectives

et al. 2021

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Metal sulfides are among the most promising materials for a wide variety of technologically relevant applications ranging from energy to environment and beyond. Incidentally, ionic liquids (ILs) have been among the top research subjects for the same applications and also for inorganic materials synthesis. As a result, the exploitation of the peculiar properties of ILs for metal sulfide synthesis could provide attractive new avenues for the generation of new, highly specific metal sulfides for numerous applications. This article therefore describes current developments in metal sulfide nanoparticle synthesis as exemplified by a number of highlight examples. Moreover, the article demonstrates how ILs have been used in metal sulfide synthesis and discusses the benefits of using ILs over more traditional approaches. Finally, the article demonstrates some technological challenges and how ILs could be used to further advance the production and specific property engineering of metal sulfide nanomaterials, again based on a number of selected examples.

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Hot injection synthesis of CuInS₂ nanocrystals using metal xanthates and their application in hybrid solar cells

Abstract: Copper indium sulfide nanocrystals with sizes of 3–4 nm were synthesized from metal xanthates in a hot injection reaction. After ligand exchange, their performance as acceptors in polymer/nanocrystal hybrid solar cells was evaluated.

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

Electro‐photovoltaics of Polymer‐stabilized Copper–Indium Selenide Quantum Dot

Electro‐photovoltaics of Polymer‐stabilized Copper–Indium Selenide Quantum Dot

Defect Control via Compositional Engineering of Zn-Cu-In-S Alloyed QDs for Photocatalytic H₂O₂ Generation and Micropollutant Degradation: Affecting Parameters, Kinetics, and Insightful Mechanism

Metal Sulfide Nanoparticle Synthesis with Ionic Liquids – State of the Art and Future Perspectives

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Hot injection synthesis of CuInS2 nanocrystals using metal xanthates and their application in hybrid solar cells

Abstract: Copper indium sulfide nanocrystals with sizes of 3–4 nm were synthesized from metal xanthates in a hot injection reaction. After ligand exchange, their performance as acceptors in polymer/nanocrystal hybrid solar cells was evaluated.

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

Electro‐photovoltaics of Polymer‐stabilized Copper–Indium Selenide Quantum Dot

Electro‐photovoltaics of Polymer‐stabilized Copper–Indium Selenide Quantum Dot

Defect Control via Compositional Engineering of Zn-Cu-In-S Alloyed QDs for Photocatalytic H2O2 Generation and Micropollutant Degradation: Affecting Parameters, Kinetics, and Insightful Mechanism

Metal Sulfide Nanoparticle Synthesis with Ionic Liquids – State of the Art and Future Perspectives

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Product

Resources

About

Hot injection synthesis of CuInS₂ nanocrystals using metal xanthates and their application in hybrid solar cells

Defect Control via Compositional Engineering of Zn-Cu-In-S Alloyed QDs for Photocatalytic H₂O₂ Generation and Micropollutant Degradation: Affecting Parameters, Kinetics, and Insightful Mechanism