Hot water washing of rice husk for ash removal: The effect of washing temperature, washing time and particle size

Parametric and kinetic study of washing pretreatment for K and Cl removal from rice husk

“…The secondary release of inorganic species is affected by the concentration of the inorganic species in the leachate [ 31 ] and at higher temperatures, this could be the reason to observe less overall leaching rate even though the initial leaching rate is high. In our previous studies of washing rice husk with tap water gave the same trend with a maximum at 50 °C [ 26 ]. When using tap water, the initial leaching rate was maximum at 50 °C and with deionized water, the initial leaching rate is increasing up to 65 °C and decreasing thereafter.…”

“…Therefore, the use of deionized water (or condensate returns) increases the driving force to remove more alkali metals. The use of tap water (or cooling water returns) on the other hand may reduce the ash melting tendency due to the deposition of stable alkaline earth metals such as Ca in tap water in addition to the removal of alkali metals like K [ 26 ]. Finally, the source of water depends on the availability at a low cost.…”

“…The experimental data were fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model given in Eq. (1) [ [25] , [26] , [28] , [29] , [30] ]. - Second-order leaching rate constant (g mg −1 min −1 ) - Equilibrium concentration (mg/g) of species i - Concentration (mg/g) of species i at leaching time t …”

“…However, the effect of washing parameters on the washing performance has been studied very rarely for rice husk [ 11 ]. We recently studied the effect of washing temperature, washing time, and particle size on rice husk washing performance using tap water [ 26 ]. Deionized water on the other hand will result in a higher driving force due to no ions in the washing medium.…”

Catalysts and their role in biomass gasification and tar abetment: a review

“…However, biomass with high ash content with inherent AAEMs can cause operational issues such as slagging, fouling and agglomeration during gasification. Pre-treatment like water leaching can play a crucial role in removing these alkali metals and alkaline earth metals [333,334]. Leaching treatment promotes micro-pore development during gasification [335].…”