Household air pollution and lung cancer risk among never-smokers in Nepal

Raspanti, Greg A.; Hashibe, Mia; Siwakoti, Bhola; Wei, Mei; Thakur, Basant Kumar; Pun, Chin Bahadur; Al-Temimi, Mohammed; Lee, Yuan Chin Amy; Sapkota, Amir

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.02.008

Cited by 61 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The use of coal, which produces a lot of smoke, for cooking and heating within the house has been implicated in an increased risk of developing small cell lung carcinoma, and this is attributed to mutations in over 68 genes 60 . A group from Nepal has shown that exposure to biomass fuel led to a 1.7-fold increased risk of developing lung cancers 61 . It is already a well-known fact that tobacco smoke increases the risk of developing lung cancers.…”

Section: Effects Of Household Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household air pollution and its effects on health

Apte¹,

Salvi²

2016

F1000Res

138

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Household air pollution is a leading cause of disability-adjusted life years in Southeast Asia and the third leading cause of disability-adjusted life years globally. There are at least sixty sources of household air pollution, and these vary from country to country. Indoor tobacco smoking, construction material used in building houses, fuel used for cooking, heating and lighting, use of incense and various forms of mosquito repellents, use of pesticides and chemicals used for cleaning at home, and use of artificial fragrances are some of the various sources that contribute to household air pollution. Household air pollution affects all stages of life with multi-systemic health effects, and its effects are evident right from pre-conception to old age. In utero exposure to household air pollutants has been shown to have health effects which resonate over the entire lifetime. Exposures to indoor air pollutants in early childhood also tend to have repercussions throughout life. The respiratory system bears the maximum brunt, but effects on the cardiovascular system, endocrine system, and nervous system are largely underplayed. Household air pollutants have also been implicated in the development of various types of cancers. Identifying household air pollutants and their health implications helps us prepare for various health-related issues. However, the real challenge is adopting changes to reduce the health effects of household air pollution and designing innovative interventions to minimize the risk of further exposure. This review is an attempt to understand the various sources of household air pollution, the effects on health, and strategies to deal with this emergent risk factor of global mortality and morbidity.

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Section: Effects Of Household Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household air pollution and its effects on health

Apte¹,

Salvi²

2016

F1000Res

138

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Dust is the most abundant aerosol type globally on a mass basis and affects climate, the water cycle, public health and welfare, and vegetation (Bollen et al, 2010; Manninen et al, 2013; Gibson, 2015; Matyssek et al, 2015; Madala et al, 2016; Carugno et al, 2016; Morelli et al, 2016; Raspanti et al, 2016; Youn et al, 2016; Soltani et al, 2017). Large deserts in the Middle East, such as those in Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Syria, are major sources of dust where in recent years dust storm frequency and intensity has increased (Alam et al, 2014a; Boloorani et al, 2014; Jish Prakash et al, 2015; Shalaby et al, 2015; Gharibzadeh et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of climate and synoptic fluctuations on dust storm activity over the Middle East

Namdari

Karimi

Sorooshian

et al. 2018

Atmospheric Environment

113

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Dust events in the Middle East are becoming more frequent and intense in recent years with impacts on air quality, climate, and public health. In this study, the relationship between dust, as determined from Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and meteorological parameters (precipitation, temperature, pressure and wind field) are examined using monthly data from 2000 to 2015 for desert areas in two areas, Iraq-Syria and Saudi Arabia. Bivariate regression analysis between monthly temperature data and AOD reveals a high correlation for Saudi Arabia (R = 0.72) and Iraq-Syria (R = 0.64). Although AOD and precipitation are correlated in February, March and April, the relationship is more pronounced on annual timescales. The opposite is true for the relationship between temperature and AOD, which is evident more clearly on monthly time scales, with the highest temperatures and AOD typically between August and September. Precipitation data suggest that long-term reductions in rainfall promoted lower soil moisture and vegetative cover, leading to more intense dust emissions. Superimposed on the latter effect are more short term variations in temperature exacerbating the influence on the dust storm genesis in hot periods such as the late warm season of the year. Case study analysis of March 2012 and March 2014 shows the impact of synoptic systems on dust emissions and transport in the study region. Dust storm activity was more intense in March 2012 as compared to March 2014 due to enhanced atmospheric turbulence intensifying surface winds.

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“…In a cross-sectional study of 1,392 rural Nepalese participants, use of biomass fuels was associated with increased risk of air ow obstruction compared to gas fuel users [35]. In a hospital-based case-control study with 606 lung cancer patients and 606 healthy controls in Nepal, household air pollution exposure from burning wood, charcoal, agricultural waste, and dung was associated with increased lung cancer risk [36]. In a cross-sectional study of 841 rural Mexican non-smoking women, use of biomass fuel was associated with increased risk of phlegm, coughing with phlegm, wheezing in the past, and FEV1/FVC ratio below 70%, compared to gas fuel users [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Types of Stove in Use and Respiratory and Eye Health of Nepal Rural Housewives: A Cross-Sectional Study

Han

Sanjel

Shakya

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundsHealth benefits of energy transition from solid fuels to cleaner fuels can be evaluated in field study of developing countries. Even a simple cross-sectional studies may be useful for estimation of the health benefits. This study was conducted in rural Nepal with the hypothesis that the gas stove and clean fuel users may have better respiratory and eye health compared to traditional stove and solid fuel users due to the low household air pollution levels.MethodsFrom July to August 2018, we recruited 90 housewives who resided in a rural Nepal village (Nuwakot District, Likhu Municipality). We conducted a questionnaire survey, physical examination, blood test, and 24-hour monitoring of particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) levels in kitchen. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of types of stove used in kitchens with respiratory and eye symptoms in housewives.ResultsOf 90 participants, 42 and 43 used traditional and gas stove as their primary stove, respectively. Over 28% and 75% of participants experienced mild to moderate airway obstruction and watery eye symptoms during cooking. The odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of chronic cough [0.30 (0.05, 1.86)], wheezing [0.30 (0.06, 1.49)], phlegm [0.36 (0.08, 1.53)], shortness of breath [0.81 (0.31, 2.09)], high chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test scores [0.36 (0.10, 1.30)], and watery eye symptoms during cooking [0.14 (0.04, 0.51)] were lower in gas stove users compared to the traditional stove users. The average 24-hour kitchen PM2.5 concentrations were lower in gas stove user houses (11 μg/m3) than in traditional stove user houses (33 μg/m3).ConclusionsGas stove and clean fuel use may be beneficial for reducing eye discomfort during cooking. Further longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to conclude whether the transition from solid fuels to cleaner fuels will be beneficial for the respiratory and eye health of Nepalese housewives.

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Household air pollution and lung cancer risk among never-smokers in Nepal

Cited by 61 publications

References 38 publications

Household air pollution and its effects on health

Household air pollution and its effects on health

Impacts of climate and synoptic fluctuations on dust storm activity over the Middle East

Types of Stove in Use and Respiratory and Eye Health of Nepal Rural Housewives: A Cross-Sectional Study

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