Households' livelihood strategies facing market uncertainties: How did Thai farmers adapt to a rubber price drop?

Nicod, Timothée; Bathfield, Benjamin; Bosc, Pierre-Marie; Promkhambut, Arunee; Duangta, Kanchana; Chambon, Bénédicte

doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102846

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The mechanical properties of rubber are improved by crosslinking in the rubber phase 32 . LNR is also the main natural polymer resource of the global agricultural economy 33 ; however, NR prices have dropped because of economic conditions 34 . There have been some studies on NR blending utilizing starch 35 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn starch reactive blending with latex from natural rubber using Na+ ions augmented carboxymethyl cellulose as a crosslinking agent

Leksawasdi

Chaiyaso

Rachtanapun

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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A mixture of corn starch and glycerol plasticizer (CSG) was blended with latex natural rubber (LNR) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The addition of 10 phr of CMC improved the Young’s modulus (6.7 MPa), tensile strength (8 MPa), and elongation at break (80%) of the CSG/LNR blend. The morphology of the CSG/LNR/CMC blends showed a uniform distribution of LNR particles (1–3 µm) in the CSG matrix. The addition of CMC enhanced the swelling ability and water droplet contact angle of the blends owing to the swelling properties, interfacial crosslinking, and amphiphilic structure of CMC. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the reaction between the C=C bond of LNR and the carboxyl groups (–COO−) of CMC, in which the Na+ ions in CMC acted as a catalyst. Notably, the mechanical properties of the CSG/LNR/CMC blend were improved owing to the miscibility of CSG/CMC and the CMC/LNR interfacial reaction. The CSG/LNR/CMC biodegradable polymer with high mechanical properties and interfacial tension can be used for packaging, agriculture, and medical applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn starch reactive blending with latex from natural rubber using Na+ ions augmented carboxymethyl cellulose as a crosslinking agent

Leksawasdi

Chaiyaso

Rachtanapun

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…By studying the destruction and disappearance of mangrove forests, Orchard et al (2016) found that local residents depended on mangrove systems to obtain income, maintain their livelihood and cope with changes, which provide significant contributions to the livelihood of the poor. Therefore, it is essential to attach importance to the diversification of farmers' livelihood methods, which can effectively protect the livelihood capital security of individual residents and even families (You and Zhang, 2017;Nicod et al, 2020;Wu et al, 2020;Yin et al, 2020).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have mainly used the sustainable livelihood framework (SLF) proposed by the Department for International Development (DFID) in 1997 to carry out empirical research on changes in farmers' livelihood (Bebbington, 1999;Kuang et al, 2020;Yin et al, 2020). The SLF was mainly used to study the livelihood of farmers in poverty-stricken areas (Gentle and Maraseni, 2012;Liu and Xu, 2016;Deng et al, 2020), the livelihood of land-lost farmers (Nguyen and Kim, 2020) and various factors that affect residential livelihood (Liu et al, 2018;Nicod et al, 2020). However, few studies have used this framework to study the livelihood capital of coastal farmers, and there is, in particular, a lack of systematic measurements of the impacts of coastal ecological protection policies on the livelihood capital of coastal farmers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Are the Impacts of a Coastal Zone Protection Policy on Farmers’ Livelihood Capital? Empirical Analysis From the Perspective of Farmer Participation

et al. 2021

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To restore and protect the ecosystem service function of coastal zones, some farmers have changed their certain original production methods and lifestyles and some have even relinquished a portion of the economic benefits that could be obtained directly. What impacts do the coastal zone ecological protection policies bring to the livelihoods of coastal farmers? The strict coastline protection of Beibu Gulf, Hepu County, Beihai City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, is taken as an example. Combined with the sustainable livelihood framework (SLF), this paper set up an evaluation index system for the livelihood capital of farmers in the Beibu Gulf coastal zone, obtaining 568 valid questionnaires through a field survey, and use the propensity score matching and difference-in-difference (PSM-DID) method to study the impacts of a coastal ecological protection policy on the livelihood capital of coastal farmers from the perspective of farmer participation. The results show that (1) the coastal ecological protection policy had a significant impact on the natural capital and social capital of coastal farmers that actively participated in coastal ecological protection, which increased by 0.181 and 0.052, respectively. (2) However, it did not have a significant impact on the total livelihood capital, human capital, physical capital or financial capital. Therefore, this paper presents policy suggestions for constructing coastal ecological compensation mechanisms and for promoting active participation by coastal farmers in coastal ecological protection efforts.

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“…Price volatility becomes a major disruption for smallholder agriculture. It drives farmers to conduct adaptation farming system [26], reduce labor and input usability [27], diverse farm activities and minimize household expenditures [28], change land usage and profession [29], and vent their land ownership [30]. Hu and Rahman explained that increasing input price and decreasing output price have exerted pressure on smallholders [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smallholding farmers’ resilience towards economic and ecological disruption of oil palm plantations

et al. 2021

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Indonesian smallholder oil palm plantations are facing both economic and ecological challenges, therefore the farmers struggle to be resilient. This study constructs two purposes, (1) to measure the resilience level of smallholder plantations, and (2) to assess the effect of economic and ecological disruption on smallholders’ resilience. We interviewed a sample of 120 smallholders in South Bengkulu regency, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. The methodology deploys a quantitative method (statistics and econometrics) to analyze the effect of disruptive incidents on smallholders’ resilience. Resilience is indicated by farmers’ ability to adapt to changes, to recover from downturn business conditions or catastrophes, to anticipate risk, and to innovate new designs of farming activities. Resilience is categorized as less or more resilient (binary). The economic disruption is triggered by production, market, and investment circumstances. Meanwhile, ecological disruption is resulted from natural disasters, climate change, farmer’s treatment of the land, land fire, and government environmental policy. The result shows that more than 60% of smallholder oil palm plantations in Bengkulu Province are less resilient. Production uncertainty, bargaining position, climate change, and environmentally unfriendly farming behaviours increase the possibility of lowering smallholders’ resilience level.

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Households' livelihood strategies facing market uncertainties: How did Thai farmers adapt to a rubber price drop?

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Corn starch reactive blending with latex from natural rubber using Na+ ions augmented carboxymethyl cellulose as a crosslinking agent

Corn starch reactive blending with latex from natural rubber using Na+ ions augmented carboxymethyl cellulose as a crosslinking agent

What Are the Impacts of a Coastal Zone Protection Policy on Farmers’ Livelihood Capital? Empirical Analysis From the Perspective of Farmer Participation

Smallholding farmers’ resilience towards economic and ecological disruption of oil palm plantations

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