Houses of Resistance in East Timor: Structuring Sociality in the New Nation1

McWilliam, Andrew

doi:10.1080/0066467042000336698

Cited by 80 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…With the increased and more effective Timorese resistance through the 1990s, there was an upsurge of support for East Timor's self-determination (Sherlock 1996;McWilliam 2005;Novais 2007). By the late 1980s Indonesian President Suharto was having trouble maintaining the fiction that all was fine in East Timor, while still not allowing in any Western observers.…”

Section: The 1980s and The Human Rights Officementioning

confidence: 99%

NGOs and Political Change: A History of the Australian Council for International Development

Kilby¹

2015

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Section: The 1980s and The Human Rights Officementioning

confidence: 99%

NGOs and Political Change: A History of the Australian Council for International Development

Kilby¹

2015

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“…11 Es conocido en particular el uso con fines propagandísticos que Indonesia realizó de la tradición e historia timorenses para legitimar su ocupación (Gunter 2007;McWilliam 2005).…”

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Objetos incómodos: el lugar de las “uma-lulik” en el Estado-Nación de Timor-Leste

Castro¹

2015

cadernosaa

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Este artículo tiene como objetivo contribuir al debate actual sobre la formación del Estado-Nación timorense, específicamente con respecto a las políticas culturales relacionadas con las uma-lulik (casas sagradas).Argumento que el proceso de estetización de la cultura timorense, en particular las intervenciones en materia de patrimonio, tiene como resultado la pérdida del sentido de la cultura en tanto práctica social viva. Esta reducción de la cultura a sus elementos más visibles responde a un uso cosmético de la misma. Mediante este proceso de resemantización, la cultura pierde su razón de ser y pasa a convertirse en fuente de tensiones y posibles conflictos.Palabras clave: Timor-Leste, construcción nacional, sociedades de casas, políticas culturales, estetización introducción Este artículo tiene como intención contribuir al conocimiento del estado de la cuestión en el debate sobre la formación del Estado-Nación timorense, específicamente acerca de las polí-ticas culturales relacionadas con las uma-lulik (casas sagradas). En él, retomo la postura presentada por Silva & Simião (2012), quienes, tomando como punto de partida las variaciones sobre las prácticas matrimoniales, analizan los discursos que se generan en torno a ellas en tanto que estructuradoras de socialidad en el contexto urbano. Estos discursos encubren ideas sobre qué debería ser una nación y cuál es la manera de articular la cultura tradicional adat 2 en la creación 1 Doctorando en Antropología del Departamento de Humanidades, Facultade de Humanidades. Investigador miembro del Arthropology Lab. E-mail: alberto.fidalgo.castro@udc.es 2 Adat es una palabra de origen árabe que se traduce habitualmente como "costumbre"' (Cribb y Kahin 2004:6). Englobo dentro del término adat otra serie de conceptos que podrían resultar sinónimos en determinados contextos, como lisan (tradición) o kultura (cultura). He tratado este tema con mayor amplitud en otro lugar, véase

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“…As discussed in Chapters Two and Three, this customary governance is very strong in rural Timor-Leste (see for example McWilliam, 2005;Kingsbury, 2007;Mearns, 2008). Under such a system, some people are given more rights than others by family members of the "house of origin" to make decisions representing the household, community or alliance.…”

Section: Traditional Practices Gender Inequality and Challenging Geomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were reworked and revived during the Indonesian occupation. In the post-independence period, these inequalities have continued to reconfigure Timorese society due to disparities in economic and political dynamics that distinguish rural and urban people as well as rich and poor (McWilliam, 2005), with the former continuously engaging and benefiting from the important decision-making for the country's development. More attention has also been paid to war veterans and ex-power holders through a monthly salary, which widens the gap between elites and ordinary people as they continue receiving a large share of public funds.…”

Section: Demographic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those who first arrived in the land (village) are the owners of the land and have more power than new comers (Fox, 2008), including authority to make decisions. These intricate alliances within and between members of a house of origin are the basic building blocks of Timorese society (McWilliam, 2005), which is similar to the social and cultural arrangements in the Pacific Island countries (see Thornton, Kerslake, & Binns, 2010). Therefore, understanding local conceptions of authority and how the connections between local realities and other values that influence decision-making are played out, is essential for a successful implementation of a development program (Dale & Butterworth, 2010).…”

Section: Decision-making Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food sovereignty: alternative policy for a sustainable national food system in Timor-Leste under climate change

Silva¹

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Globally, more than enough food is produced to feed the world's nine billion people (a figure that is expected to peak in 2050). Yet despite this, every year almost one billion people experience food insecurity. The consequences of food insecurity are set to be greatly exacerbated by climate change; circumstances that will be acutely experienced in developing countries, where the intersection of poverty and food insecurity is often concentrated. In this context, Timor-Leste, as one of the least developed countries (UN, 1998;IPCC, 2007;McMichael, 2008), will stand to suffer the earliest and the most detrimental impacts of climate change for food security, unless substantive mitigation and adaption actions are taken.With this as context, this thesis examines the impacts of agri-food development policies for food security in Timor-Leste. Through the adoption of a critical political economy perspective, this thesis undertakes an historical analysis of the causes of food insecurity. It then explores food sovereignty as a possible pathway for rebuilding the current food system, particularly in the context of climate change. This approach contributes to extending sociological understandings of, and responses to, food insecurity in Timor-Leste; representing a departure from many earlier studies, which have centrally focused upon technical barriers to food security.Methodologically, the thesis adopts a constructivist approach, accepting that different realities exist across multiple stakeholders engaged in the food and climate change nexus, and that truth or knowledge claims are both constructed and relative. The thesis undertakes a comparative case study approach, through the selection of cases across three villages in Timor-Leste. Data from these cases is augmented by interviews with additional stakeholders, including politicians, NGOs, academics and students. A total of 130 interviews were conducted in this study. This was complemented with document analysis, observation and a seminar.The results show that post-independence Timor-Leste has embraced a modernist techno-fix development pathway to food security. This is an-elite driven approach, rendering local people with very limited roles in determining priorities, and unable to shape the form or outcomes of policies and programs. These development pathways have delivered limited benefits to the poor and vulnerable, as well as further widening the gap between the poor and rich. Despite this, the current government is seeking to solve Timor-Leste's food security problems through continued agricultural modernisation and market liberalisation. This has ii resulted in significant negative consequences, including nutrition transition, dependency on imported white rice, and increased dependence on the state as a food and service provider.This thesis concludes by arguing that the root cause of food insecurity in Timor-Leste is an outcome of political failures that disempower at both macro and micro levels. Ensuring good governance-which is important to enable democrat...

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Houses of Resistance in East Timor: Structuring Sociality in the New Nation1

Cited by 80 publications

References 6 publications

NGOs and Political Change: A History of the Australian Council for International Development

NGOs and Political Change: A History of the Australian Council for International Development

Objetos incómodos: el lugar de las “uma-lulik” en el Estado-Nación de Timor-Leste

Food sovereignty: alternative policy for a sustainable national food system in Timor-Leste under climate change

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