How Can Malnutrition Affect Autophagy in Chronic Heart Failure? Focus and Perspectives

Corsetti, Giovanni; Pasini, Evasio; Romano, Claudia; Chen‐Scarabelli, Carol; Scarabelli, Tiziano M.; Flati, Vincenzo; Saravolatz, Louis; Dioguardi, Francesco Saverio

doi:10.3390/ijms22073332

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…The deficiency of vitamin D was reported associated with higher risk of uncontrolled BP in hypertensive patients (34) which was associated premature vascular death and CVD mortality (35). Third, all three NSTs include serum albumin as a parameter, while hypoalbuminemia was confirmed to be associated with extremely poor prognosis and cardiac cachexia (36,37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Malnutrition in Hypertensive Patients in a Community Setting

Yang

Wei

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundMalnutrition is a significantly poor prognostic factor for a variety of cardiovascular diseases. However, its prevalence and prognostic value in hypertensive patients is still unclear. The present study sought to determine the prevalence and prognostic value of malnutrition in hypertensive patients in a community setting.MethodsWe included 9,949 hypertensive patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005–2014). The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, the Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), and the Naples Prognostic Score (NPS) were applied to assess the nutritional status of participants. A Cox regression model was established to examine the association between malnutrition and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.ResultsIn all, 19.9, 3.9, and 82.9% hypertensive patients were considered to have malnutrition as evaluated by the CONUT, NRI, and NPS, respectively. Malnutrition assessed by CONUT and NRI was independently associated with cardiovascular mortality (HR [95% CI]) for mild and moderate-to-severe degree of malnutrition, respectively: 1.41 (1.04–1.91) and 5.79 (2.34–14.29) for CONUT; 2.60 (1.34–5.07) and 3.30 (1.66–6.56) for NRI (all P < 0.05), and for all-cause mortality (HR [95% CI]) for mild and moderate-to-severe degree of malnutrition, respectively: 1.48 (1.30–1.70) and 4.87 (3.40–6.98) for CONUT; 1.72 (1.24–2.39) and 2.60 (1.96–3.44) for NRI (all P < 0.01). Naples Prognostic Score could only independently predict all-cause mortality.ConclusionsMalnutrition was common among hypertensive patients and was closely associated with both long-term cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Malnutrition in Hypertensive Patients in a Community Setting

Yang

Wei

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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“…Malnutrition is frequent in CHF and has been shown to influence the patients' vital prognosis [46][47][48]. With respect to CHF, which was more prevalent in dcSSc, we obtained statistically significant relationships with weight loss and malnutrition risk only in the abovementioned subgroup.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?

et al. 2021

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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients exhibit a plethora of risk factors for nutritional decline, including the presence of chronic inflammation and the progressive nature of disease-related multisystem involvement. The prevalence and consequences of nutritional decline in scleroderma are frequently underestimated, its management currently remaining a subject of debate. The main objective of the present study was to perform a detailed assessment of scleroderma patients’ diet as well as their eating habits and to describe the relationships with weight loss and malnutrition risk in the absence of professional nutritional counseling. Methods: We used a translated and validated version of the EPIC-Norfolk FFQ (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Norfolk Food Frequency Questionnaire) to evaluate the patients’ diet and MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool) to investigate the risk of malnutrition. Disease activity was estimated using the EUSTAR-AI (European Scleroderma Trials and Research group Activity Index). Results: We included 69 patients with SSc, of which 42 underwent a detailed dietary assessment. Dietary factors were connected to body composition and digestive symptoms. We found high sodium intake and frequent suboptimal energy consumption in our study group, including patients with cardiopulmonary involvement. Liver transaminases were inversely correlated with the consumption of nuts and seeds. Malnutrition and weight loss were significantly associated with pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, albumin levels, and the extent of skin fibrosis, but not advanced age. Although the patients with EUSTAR-AI ≥ 2.5 were more frequently included in the moderate and high malnutrition risk categories, these results did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Currently, there is an unmet need for longitudinal and interventional research focusing on the long-term significance, ramifications, and management of nutritional impairment in SSc patients with various clinical manifestations. Our results indicate that scleroderma patients could benefit from personalized nutritional counseling in an interdisciplinary setting.

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“…As our results show, in acidic culture, BC cells are in a slow-cycling state with enhanced basal autophagy; while NCTD treatment further enhances autophagy and leads to excessive autophagy. Excessive autophagy has been well documented during ischemia/reperfusion injury, where it can lead to the destruction of essential molecules and organelles, so as to favor cell death [ 27 , 28 ]. Excessive autophagy has also been shown to induce cell death in tumor cells [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norcantharidin Induces Immunogenic Cell Death of Bladder Cancer Cells through Promoting Autophagy in Acidic Culture

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The acidic tumor microenvironment stands as a major obstacle to the efficient elimination of tumor cells. Norcantharidin (NCTD) is a powerful antitumor agent with multiple bioactivities. However, the effect of NCTD under acidic conditions is still unclear. Here, we report that NCTD can efficiently kill bladder cancer (BC) cells in acidic culture, and more intriguingly, NCTD can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), thereby promoting antitumor immunity. In NCTD-treated BC cells, the surface-exposed calreticulin (ecto-CALR) was significantly increased. Consistently, co-culture with these cells promoted dendritic cell (DC) maturation. The NCTD-induced ICD is autophagy dependent, as autophagy inhibition completely blocked the NCTD-induced ecto-CALR and DC maturation. In addition, the DC showed a distinct maturation phenotype (CD80high CD86low) in acidic culture, as compared to that in physiological pH (CD80 high CD86high). Finally, the NCTD-induced ICD was validated in a mouse model. NCTD treatment significantly increased the tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes in MB49 bladder cancer mice. Immunizing mice with NCTD-treated MB49 cells significantly increased tumor-free survival as compared to control. These findings demonstrate that NCTD could induce ICD in an acidic environment and suggest the feasibility to combine NCTD with anticancer immunotherapy to treat BC.

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How Can Malnutrition Affect Autophagy in Chronic Heart Failure? Focus and Perspectives

Cited by 19 publications

References 86 publications

Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Malnutrition in Hypertensive Patients in a Community Setting

Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Malnutrition in Hypertensive Patients in a Community Setting

Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?

Norcantharidin Induces Immunogenic Cell Death of Bladder Cancer Cells through Promoting Autophagy in Acidic Culture

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