How can we learn to live with rivers? The findings of the Institution of Civil Engineers Presidential Commission on flood-risk management

Fleming, George

doi:10.1098/rsta.2002.1014

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Often underlying such argument is a lack of distinction between causative factors, driving forces and impacts. In hydrological terms, flooding is a natural phenomenon (Fleming 2002), mostly a result of extreme weather and climate events. However, to other actors in the public who may struggle with the nuance between something causing flooding and the presence of something, which exacerbates the impacts of flooding, focus may extend to underlying human activities and behaviour.…”

Section: Cause(s) Of Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, adaptation strategies are those that promote anticipatory actions to reduce the expected damage from imminent flooding. This will include practices such as the 'living with water' or 'accommodating water' approach (Fleming 2002;Wiering and Arts 2006), which rather than fighting flood water and keeping it away or building big infrastructure to stop the water, suggests embracing as opposed to battling the water. Carmin et al (2015) categorised adaptation options that may need to be considered into structural, institutional and societal measures (institutional and societal measures are non-structural).…”

Section: Adaptation Strategies Towards Flood Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A media framing analysis of urban flooding in Nigeria: current narratives and implications for policy

Adekola

Lamond

2017

Reg Environ Change

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A critical element of current flood management is the importance of engaging key policy actors when policy decisions are to be made. However, there is still only limited understanding of how narratives of flood management actors may influence flood management policies, even though there is a suggestion that actors can strategically use their narratives to influence policy directions. In a developing country like Nigeria, there are still questions around lessons that can be learnt from understanding the narratives of policy actors, to unravel the complex nature of strategies and policy directions in managing urban floods. To help fill these gaps, this paper uses quantitative content analysis to explore the frame of five policy actor groups (government, local communities, business, multilateral organisations and non-governmental organisations (NGOs)) as expressed in local and national newspapers between 2012 and 2016 to understand their narratives of causes and strategies to solve the problem of urban flooding in Nigeria. The narratives of government, local communities and businesses align with the premise that flooding can and should be prevented whilst that of multilateral and business actors champion adaptation strategies on the basis that flooding is inevitable and hence more energy should be directed at 'living with water'-emergency response, damage reduction and the aftermath. The study also identified areas of potential consensus and conflict between direct actors such as government and local communities on the one hand and funders on the other. Better discussion among actors aiding understanding of contemporary thinking and local realities will aid policy-making and policy implementation in the Nigerian context. An important step will be in the collaborative design of an urgently needed 'Nigerian policy on flooding' which currently does not exist.

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Section: Cause(s) Of Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adaptation Strategies Towards Flood Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

A media framing analysis of urban flooding in Nigeria: current narratives and implications for policy

Adekola

Lamond

2017

Reg Environ Change

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“…This approach brings them closer to determinists whose models include representation of the small scale of recurring features (e.g. clouds) and also of the larger-scale features of these particular weather events, and river ®oods (using the unit hydrograph and its modern extensions; Fleming 2002). A striking example of a successful forecasting model of a particular extreme event is that of tropical cyclones which is used for real-time forecasting over periods of 1{5 days.…”

Section: Possible Contributions By Mathematical Science and Engineerimentioning

confidence: 99%

Floods in a changing climate: a review

Hunt

2002

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Seri

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This paper begins with an analysis of flooding as a natural disaster for which the solutions to the environmental, social and economic problems are essentially those of identifying and overcoming hazards and vulnerability, reducing risk and damaging consequences. Long-term solutions to flooding problems, especially in a changing climate, should be sought in the wider context of developing more sustainable social organization, economics and technology. Then, developments are described of how scientific understanding, supported by practical modelling, is leading to predictions of how human-induced changes to climatic and geological conditions are likely to influence flooding over at least the next 300 years, through their influences on evaporation, precipitation, run-off, wind storm and sea-level rise. Some of the outstanding scientific questions raised by these problems are highlighted, such as the statistical and deterministic prediction of extreme events, the understanding and modelling of mechanisms that operate on varying length- and time-scales, and the complex interactions between biological, ecological and physical problems. Some options for reducing the impact of flooding by new technology include both improved prediction and monitoring with computer models, and remote sensing, flexible and focused warning systems, and permanent and temporary flood-reduction systems.

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“…Two key recommendations of their report were to "learn to live with rivers" by accommodating waterway expansion from rainfall, and provide greater weight to human and social factors when assessing flood risk. For example, anticipated victim distress should be considered when designing flood mitigation strategies [8,9]. Also, all stakeholders should be involved in a cooperative dialogue, thinking together about flood management issues in an interdisciplinary way [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive barriers in floods risk perception and management: A mental modeling framework and illustrative example

Linkov

Wood

Bridges

et al. 2009

2009 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

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Recent severe storm experiences in the U.S. Gulf Coast illustrate the importance of an integrated approach to natural disaster preparedness planning, one that harmonizes stakeholder and implementing agency efforts. Risk management decisions that are informed by and address decision maker and stakeholder risk perceptions and behavior are essential for effective risk management policy. Formal (versus ad hoc) analyses of risk manager and stakeholder cognition represent an important first step. Mental modeling has been successfully used to reveal, characterize and map stakeholder beliefs about risks in order to develop more effective cross-stakeholder communication strategies. This paper summarizes diagram-based representation of mental models, and presents an example specific to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) flood preparedness and response program needs. Understanding flood risk mental models will enable USACE to bridge differences across and within stakeholder groups, cultures and disciplines internally and externally involved in natural disaster response in order to develop approaches for handling floods and other emerging challenges.

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How can we learn to live with rivers? The findings of the Institution of Civil Engineers Presidential Commission on flood-risk management

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

A media framing analysis of urban flooding in Nigeria: current narratives and implications for policy

A media framing analysis of urban flooding in Nigeria: current narratives and implications for policy

Floods in a changing climate: a review

Cognitive barriers in floods risk perception and management: A mental modeling framework and illustrative example

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