How can we understand immigration in Southern Europe?

Mateos, Natalia Ribas

doi:10.1080/1369183042000286241

Cited by 54 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…Especially in the second half of the twentieth century, Italy and Spain were source countries of the “guest worker” recruitment needed by Northern European countries. During the past two decades this situation has reversed dramatically for both countries, making them two new and important destinations of international migration flows (Castles and Miller 2003; Colombo and Sciortino 2004; Ribas-Mateos 2004). …”

Section: Setting the Scene: Italy And Spain In Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational Achievement Gaps between Immigrant and Native Students in Two “New” Immigration Countries

Azzolini¹,

Schnell²,

Palmer³

2012

The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Scie

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We use PISA 2009 data to determine how immigrant children in Italy and Spain compare with native students in reading and mathematics skills. Drawing on the vast empirical literature in traditional immigration countries, we test the extent to which the most well-established patterns and hypotheses of immigrant/native educational achievement gaps also apply to these new immigration countries. Findings show that both first- and second-generation immigrant students underperform natives in both countries. Although socioeconomic background and language skills contribute to the explanation of achievement gaps, significant differences remain within countries. While modeling socioeconomic background reduces the observed gaps to a very similar extent in the two countries, language spoken at home is more strongly associated with achievement in Italy. School-type differentiation, such as tracking in Italy and school ownership in Spain, do not reduce immigrant/native gaps, although in Italy tracking is strongly associated with students’ test scores.

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Section: Setting the Scene: Italy And Spain In Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational Achievement Gaps between Immigrant and Native Students in Two “New” Immigration Countries

Azzolini¹,

Schnell²,

Palmer³

2012

The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Scie

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“…Several aspects of their socio-economic organisation have generated a copious demand for immigrant labour: production systems which combine traditional elements and innovative elements; the prominence of labour-intensive sectors such as Mediterranean agriculture, construction and the hotel trade; social modernisation factors such as women's labour market participation outside the home, alongside the continuing centrality of the family in supplying care services and in organising daily life (Ribas-Mateos 2004). Although northern European countries are less exposed to such tensions (Reyneri and Fullin, in this issue), the United States and Japan certainly do experience them.…”

Section: Irregular Immigration: Economic Convenience and Other Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irregular immigration: economic convenience and other factors

Ambrosini

2008

Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research

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F E SummaryThis article illustrates the factors leading to the entry of irregular immigrants and their integration into the labour market, that is to say: the economic convenience for both businesses and families of employing unauthorised manpower; the support from compatriot networks and ethnic economies; the embedded liberalism within democratic states' legal systems; the cost and organisational difficulty of controls and expulsion; and the part played by solidarity providers in civil society, including trade unions. Repeated mass amnesties especially in southern Europe, periodically regularise the situation of these migrants and function as the principal tool of migration policy. To this extent, the irregular immigrant appears to be a transitional figure, awaiting recognition and destined to obtain authorisation sooner or later. Trade unions are one of the social groups pushing for the enactment of regularisation measures. In this way they are asserting their attachment to the ideals of justice and solidarity, while at the same time combating the unfair competition which the hidden economy poses to law-abiding companies and declared workers. ❖❖❖ Sommaire Cet article illustre les facteurs qui ont entraîné l'entrée d'immigrés irréguliers et leur intégration dans le marché du travail, à savoir l'opportunisme économique de l'emploi d'une main-d'oeuvre non déclarée au sein des entreprises et des familles, l'appui des réseaux de compatriotes et des économies ethniques, le libéralisme ancré dans les systèmes juridiques des états démocratiques, les coûts et les difficultés d'organisation des contrôles et des expulsions, le rôle joué par les acteurs de lasolidarité dans la société civile, en ce compris les syndicats. Des mesures d'amnistie octroyées en masse de manière régulière, en particulier dans le Sud de l'Europe, ont permis de régulariser la situation de ces migrants, constituant ainsi le principal outil

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“…I discuss the challenge that today's high unemployment rates exercise on the familistic welfare regime and the sustainability of the migrant strategies because immigrant households' mobility strategies and prospects were interconnected to this regime and its reproduction. It is not the 'decrease of the welfare state services [that] has a drastic effect on migrant mobility' (Ribas-Mateos 2004, 1056, as would have been the case in western and northern European countries with a less fragmented welfare system and larger population coverage. It is rather the wider crisis of political economy and the 'familistic welfare regime' developed in Greece, and with some variation in other South European countries, that affects migrant mobility strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Economic crisis and migrants' employment: a view from Greece in comparative perspective

Maroukis

2013

Policy Studies

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This paper explains and evaluates the effects of the developing crisis on the mobility of third-country nationals in Greece and other South European political economies. In doing so it explores the mobility of these migrants within the context of the informal economic activity in which many such migrants have been involved. The paper exposes the distance separating the law and the actual enforcement of fundamental employment-and mobility-related rights of irregular migrants in Greece and other southern European countries. It identifies the significance of the familistic welfare regime of the European South in framing migrants' characteristics and their consequent mobility in the region. The article argues that the familistic welfare regime of the host country is inextricably linked to migrants' employment trajectories and fundamentally affects the strategies that migrants have developed in order to protect themselves in lieu of effective rights regulation.

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How can we understand immigration in Southern Europe?

Cited by 54 publications

References 0 publications

Educational Achievement Gaps between Immigrant and Native Students in Two “New” Immigration Countries

Educational Achievement Gaps between Immigrant and Native Students in Two “New” Immigration Countries

Irregular immigration: economic convenience and other factors

Economic crisis and migrants' employment: a view from Greece in comparative perspective

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