How Daughters of Women With Breast Cancer Cope With the Threat of the Illness

Gilbar, Ora; Borovik, R.

doi:10.1080/08964289809596389

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Contradictory results have been reported concerning the intensity of emotional distress among DBCP 17,18,52 or among relatives of breast cancer patients. 53,54 The consistency of increased emotional distress found in our DBCP may be attributed to the homogeneity of the study group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…14 -16 The familial risk for breast cancer is widely acknowledged, and DBCP have deep feelings of anxiety about their health, in addition to a concern for their sick mothers. 17,18 As a result, DBCP live in a high degree of chronic stress. 18 The association between chronic stress and impaired immune surveillance functions has long been established, 19,20 while the immunosuppressive effect of chronic stress is presumed to be mediated through excess secretion of the stress hormones cortisol and catecholamines.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Increased emotional distress in daughters of breast cancer patients is associated with decreased natural cytotoxic activity, elevated levels of stress hormones and decreased secretion of Th1 cytokines

Cohen

Klein²,

Kuten³

et al. 2002

Intl Journal of Cancer

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DBCP who are aware of their increased risk of developing breast cancer may suffer from high emotional distress. Chronic stress may interfere with NCA and low NCA is associated with increased cancer risk. We studied 80 DBCP and 47 age-and education-matched healthy females (controls). Heparinized venous blood (30 ml) was drawn from all subjects between 8 and 9 A.M., and each participant answered a set of psychologic questionnaires. In addition, the firstmorning urine sample was collected. DBCP scored significantly higher in emotional distress compared to controls. Levels of stress hormones in DBCP were higher and in vitro secretion of IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-␥ lower compared to controls. NCA against NK-resistant (MCF-7, COLO-205, U937) and NK-sensitive (K562) cell lines was significantly lower in DBCP and much less augmented by in vitro preincubation with IL-2 or IL-12 compared to controls. NCA and in vitro Th1 cytokine secretion were inversely correlated with the degree of emotional distress and the level of stress hormones in blood or urine. High emotional distress and elevated levels of stress hormones are associated with impaired immune surveillance functions in DBCP. This may contribute to the increased risk of DBCP to develop breast cancer. An interventional trial to enhance coping and reduce stress levels may help to decrease the risk for breast cancer onset in DBCP. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Key words: chronic stress; daughters of breast cancer patients; natural cytotoxic activity; Th1 cytokines; stress hormonesThe critical question in immunosurveillance against cancer, which has so far remained unanswered, is whether differences between individuals with regard to immunologic host-defense mechanisms can predict the future development of cancer. Various in vivo studies in humans and mice have shown the significant role of different natural cytotoxic lymphocyte populations in preventing the development of cancer or its metastases. 1-4 However, only a few studies have investigated NCA of peripheral blood lymphocytes among healthy individuals in a general population or those at increased risk of developing cancer. 5-7 NCA has also been demonstrated to be an independent prognostic marker in patients with cancer. 8,9 Imai et al. 10 showed that selected lifestyle factors, such as maintaining body weight, not smoking, increasing intake of green vegetables and moderate alcohol consumption, may have an effect on natural cytotoxicity and that NCA can be increased by altering several lifestyle factors. Other studies have shown that restricted lifestyle changes, such as increasing exercise, losing weight and reducing fat and alcohol intake, are associated with a significant reduction in breast cancer risk (reviewed by Chlebowski 11 ).Whether emotional distress is associated with the onset of cancer in general and of breast cancer in particular has long been debated. Some studies have suggested that the overall prevalence of breast cancer is increased in women who have experienced stressful life events. 12,13 In contrast, the...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased emotional distress in daughters of breast cancer patients is associated with decreased natural cytotoxic activity, elevated levels of stress hormones and decreased secretion of Th1 cytokines

Cohen

Klein²,

Kuten³

et al. 2002

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Meanwhile, community nurses should develop effective prevention strategies for women with FDRs with osteoporosis to reduce the perceived barriers to osteoporosis prevention. Finally, participants were not recruited from a disease-specific clinic, as in most studies of cancer patients (Audrain, Schwartz, & Herrera, 2001;Gilbar & Borovik, 1998). In this investigation, participant self-reporting was utilized as the basis for classifying participants with FDRs with osteoporosis or not.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Sectional Survey of Women in Taiwan With First-Degree Relatives With Osteoporosis: Knowledge, Health Beliefs, and Preventive Behaviors

Chang

Hong²,

Yang

2007

Journal of Nursing Research

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No previous investigation has explored preventive behaviors among women with First-Degree Relatives (FDRs) diagnosed with osteoporosis, particularly Asian women. This study investigates osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs and preventive behaviors of women with a family history of osteoporosis, and the different knowledge and health beliefs regarding preventive behaviors of women with such a history. Women were recruited at a large public health center in northern Taiwan. A questionnaire was administered to women with FDRs with osteoporosis with a focus on osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs and preventive behaviors. Descriptive analysis was initially conducted. Correlation and differences between demographics, knowledge, health beliefs and preventive behaviors were rated for continuous variables, and the c 2 test was performed for categorical variables. A total of 251 who women satisfied the sampling criteria were invited to engage in the study. Two hundred and one women agreed to take part in the study, and the participation rate was around 80%. This work stresses the insufficiency of information on osteoporosis, constraining beliefs and ignorance of healthy preventive behaviors among women with FDRs with osteoporosis. Overall, the likelihood that women would take positive preventive behaviors is associated with their demographics and knowledge. The variables most strongly correlated with preventive behaviors for community-dwelling women are, in order, knowledge, number of children, educational level, knowledge of osteoporosis, experience of bone density examination, and whether or not women believed they had kyphosis. The results of this work can be applied to provide effective implementation guidelines for preventing osteoporosis, especially for women with a family history of the disease.

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“…That is, not only were individuals with positive parent history of various chronic Intergenerational Influences of Diabetes Mellitus 147 diseases more vigilant with respect to testing for the possibility of disease, but they exhibited higher levels of anxiety and depression associated with disease risk (Cohen, 2002;Forsyth & Goetsch, 1997;Gilbar & Borovik, 1998). In the present study, it is likely that patients with positive parent history of DM may have observed expressions of depression and hopelessness in their parents and such symptoms may have further promoted caution with respect to behaviors that might harm glycemic control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Norton, Froelicher, Waters, and Carrieri-Kohlman (2003) showed that parental modeling of healthy behaviors was reflected in their children's lifestyle beliefs. Further, healthy individuals with a positive parent history of one or more chronic diseases were found to exhibit more health-protective behaviors and poorer psychological outcomes than controls (Cohen, 2002;Forsyth & Goetsch, 1997;Gilbar & Borovik, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Parents Matter: Intergenerational Influences of Diabetes Mellitus on Glycemic Control and Morbidity in Older Type 2 Diabetic Males

Perlmuter

Singh

Gabhart

et al. 2008

Experimental Aging Research

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In a cross-sectional study, the effects of disease duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were examined along with parent history of DM on disease-related outcome variables. Specifically, the moderating role of parent history of DM on outcome variables was examined. Participants were 53 male veterans with DM. Chart reviews and self-reports were examined. Results showed that in those with a positive parent history of DM, hopelessness increased with diabetes duration. In the negative parent history group, glycemic control worsened with disease duration. These findings suggest parent history of DM should be considered in designing interventions to facilitate coping with type 2 diabetes.

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How Daughters of Women With Breast Cancer Cope With the Threat of the Illness

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Increased emotional distress in daughters of breast cancer patients is associated with decreased natural cytotoxic activity, elevated levels of stress hormones and decreased secretion of Th1 cytokines

Increased emotional distress in daughters of breast cancer patients is associated with decreased natural cytotoxic activity, elevated levels of stress hormones and decreased secretion of Th1 cytokines

Cross-Sectional Survey of Women in Taiwan With First-Degree Relatives With Osteoporosis: Knowledge, Health Beliefs, and Preventive Behaviors

Parents Matter: Intergenerational Influences of Diabetes Mellitus on Glycemic Control and Morbidity in Older Type 2 Diabetic Males

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