How does agency workforce diversity influence Federal R&amp;D funding of minority and women technology entrepreneurs? An analysis of the SBIR and STTR programs, 2001–2011

Joshi, Amol M.; Inouye, Todd M.; Robinson, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.1007/s11187-017-9882-6

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…For example, many studies explain the lower number of women in the technology sector by women's lack of experience in this industry, their underdeveloped managerial skills, and their negative perception (Mayer, 2006;Dautzenberg, 2012;Essers and Tedmanson, 2014). In some cases, a few studies point out some societal problems for the low participation rate of women in the high-technology sector, such as the discrimination they face in obtaining funding (Joshi et al, 2018). Furthermore, the social comparisons between WEs and their counterparts increase pressure on WEs (Kuschel, 2019), making them a target of male-dominated rules (Billing, 2011).…”

Section: Gender Immigrants and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on the glass ceiling for immigrant women entrepreneurs in the technology sector

Pugalia

Çetindamar

2021

IJGE

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PurposeTechnology sector is the pivotal element for innovation and economic development of any country. Hence, the present article explores past researches looking into challenges faced by immigrant women entrepreneurs in technology sector and their corresponding response strategies.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) technique to collate all the relevant literature looking into the challenges and strategies from immigrant women entrepreneur's perspective and provide a comprehensive picture. Overall, 49 research articles are included in this SLR.FindingsFindings indicate that immigrant status further escalates the human, financial and network disadvantages faced by women who want to start a technology-based venture.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature by categorizing the barriers and strategies on a 3 × 2 matrix reflecting the origins of the barrier or strategy (taking place at the individual, firm or institutional level) versus the type of the barrier or strategy (arising from being an immigrant woman and being a woman in the technology sector). After underlining the dearth of studies in the literature about the complex phenomenon of immigrant WEs in the technology sector, the paper points out several neglected themes for future research.

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Section: Gender Immigrants and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on the glass ceiling for immigrant women entrepreneurs in the technology sector

Pugalia

Çetindamar

2021

IJGE

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“…Notably, the SBIR program encourages applications from women‐owned small businesses (WOSBs). These types of firms have been previously studied in the SBIR context and found to be less likely to receive Phase 2 funding (Joshi, Inouye, & Robinson, 2018) and in some cases, private investment (Gicheva & Link, 2015). They are also associated with fewer patent applications (Link & van Hasselt, 2020).…”

Section: Context: the Nasa Sbir Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in peer review of innovation

Belz

Graddy‐Reed

Hanewicz

et al. 2022

Strategic Entrepreneurship

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“…We argue that some of these similarities and differences are readily apparent in each agency’s decisions regarding the appropriate set of governance forms to apply in solving the types of scientific problems that are central to fulfilling their respective missions. These governance forms typically include a broad array of knowledge sharing processes and structures –from standardizing contracts, to forming alliances, to offering grants and prizes, to leveraging crowdsourced platforms, and building global user communities [ 85 – 88 ].…”

Section: Historical Context and Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the role of R&D collaborations and non-patent IP policies in government technology transfer performance: Evidence from U.S. federal agencies (1999–2016)

2022

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Around the world, governments make substantial investments in public sector research and development (R&D) entities and activities to generate major scientific and technical advances that may catalyze long-term economic growth. Institutions ranging from the Chinese Academy of Sciences to the French National Centre for Scientific Research to the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers conduct basic and applied R&D to create commercially valuable knowledge that supports the innovation goals of their respective government sponsors. Globally, the single largest public sector R&D sponsor is the U.S. federal government. In 2019 alone, the U.S. government allocated over $14.9 billion to federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs), also known as national labs. However, little is known about how federal agencies’ utilization of FFRDCs, their modes of R&D collaboration, and their adoption of non-patent intellectual property (IP) policies (copyright protection and materials transfer agreements) affect agency-level performance in technology transfer. In particular, the lack of standardized metrics for quantitatively evaluating government entities’ effectiveness in managing innovation is a critical unresolved issue. We address this issue by conducting exploratory empirical analyses of federal agencies’ innovation management activities using both supply-side (filing ratio, transfer rate, and licensing success rate) and demand-side (licensing income and portfolio exclusivity) outcome metrics. We find economically significant effects of external R&D collaborations and non-patent IP policies on the technology transfer performance of 10 major federal executive branch agencies (fiscal years 1999–2016). We discuss the scholarly, managerial, and policy implications for ongoing and future evaluations of technology transfer at federal labs. We offer new insights and guidance on how critical differences in federal agencies’ interpretation and implementation of their R&D management practices in pursuit of their respective missions affect their technology transfer performance outcomes. We generalize key findings to address the broader innovation processes of public sector R&D entities worldwide.

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How does agency workforce diversity influence Federal R&D funding of minority and women technology entrepreneurs? An analysis of the SBIR and STTR programs, 2001–2011

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Insights on the glass ceiling for immigrant women entrepreneurs in the technology sector

Insights on the glass ceiling for immigrant women entrepreneurs in the technology sector

Gender differences in peer review of innovation

Exploring the role of R&D collaborations and non-patent IP policies in government technology transfer performance: Evidence from U.S. federal agencies (1999–2016)

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