How does blood glucose control with metformin influence intensive insulin protocols? Evidence for involvement of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines

Ansari, Ghazal; Mojtahedzadeh, Mojtaba; Kajbaf, F.; Najafi, Atabak; Khajavi, Mohammad Reza; Khalili, Hossein; Rouini, Mohammad Reza; Ahmadi, H.; Abdollahi, Mohammad

doi:10.1007/s12325-008-0075-1

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is estimated that the number of people who suffer from type 2 diabetes will rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030 (16). Many studies corroborate that OP exposure might contribute to type 2 diabetes (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Although the overall evidence of neurological and neurobehavioral effects of long-term OP exposure is thought to be small, it is not that diffi cult to fi nd some (26,27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive, Mental Health, and Glucose Disorders in Farmers Exposed to Organophosphorus Pesticides

Malekirad

Faghih

Mirabdollahi

et al. 2013

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

Self Cite

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

About 25 million agricultural workers in the developing world suffer from at least one episode of poisoning each year, mainly by anticholinesterase-like organophosphates (OPs). The objective of this cross-sectional study was to establish the OP toxicity in 187 occupationally exposed farmers in terms of neurocognitive impairment, mental health status, clinical symptoms, diabetes, and haematological factors. The exposed group was compared to 187 healthy age-, sex-, and education-matching controls. Neurocognitive impairment was measured using the Subjective Neurocognition Inventory (SNI) and mental health status using the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). The subjects were also tested for fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), cholesterol (CL), triglycerides (TG), creatinine, oral glucose tolerance test (GTT), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The exposed farmers showed higher FBG (p<0.001), BUN (p=0.007), CL (p<0.001), oral GTT (p<0.001), and lower AST (p<0.001), ALP (p<0.001), and creatinine (p=0.004) than controls. The rates of anxiety/ insomnia and severe depression were also signifi cantly higher in the farmers than in controls (p=0.015 and p<0.001, respectively). Meanwhile, the rate of social dysfunction was signifi cantly lower than in controls (p<0.001). Disorders affecting psychomotor speed, selective attention, divided attention, verbal memory, nonverbal memory, prospective memory, spatial functioning, and initiative/energy were all lower in the farmers (p<0.001). Farmers showed clinical symptoms eczema, saliva secretion, fatigue, headache, sweating, abdominal pain, nausea, superior distal muscle weakness, inferior distal muscle weakness, inferior proximal muscle weakness, breath muscle weakness, hand tingling, foot tingling, epiphoria, polyuria, miosis, dyspnoea, bradycardia, and rhinorrhoea, which all signifi cantly correlated with the number of working years. These fi ndings indicate that farmers who work with OPs are prone to neuropsychological disorders and diabetes.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive, Mental Health, and Glucose Disorders in Farmers Exposed to Organophosphorus Pesticides

Malekirad

Faghih

Mirabdollahi

et al. 2013

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

Self Cite

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Considering the known antioxidant potential of walnut and evidence for the role of reactive free radicals and disturbed antioxidant status in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications [1, [24][25][26][27], the observed hepatic changes might the attributed to the antioxidants in walnut. Walnut leaf and ridge extracts are known to contain high amounts of strong antioxidant components like vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, lipoic acid, quercetin, naphtoquinones, flavonoids, gallic acid, polyphenols, linoleic and linolenic acids, tannins, and folates that have shown very beneficial anti-diabetic effects in in vitro or in vivo models and in humans [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic mechanisms of the Walnut antidiabetic effect in mice

et al. 2010

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study was designed to explore the mechanism of action of walnut (the seed of Juglans regia) leaf and ridge on hepatic glucose metabolism in diabetic mice. Experimental diabetes was induced by intravenous administration of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) and confirmed with an increase of blood glucose, 90-100% of the control, 72 hours later. Isolated extracts from walnut leaf and ridges were administered in a single effective dose of 400 mg/kg orally. Firstly, blood glucose was determined every 1 hour until 5 hours post administration of extracts. In the second experiment, the liver was surgically removed, 2 hours post treatment of diabetic animals with extracts, homogenized and used for measurement of key enzymes of glycogenolysis (glycogen phosphorylase, GP) and gluconeogenesis (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, PEPCK). Treatment by both leaf and ridge extracts decreased blood glucose and liver PEPCK activity and increased blood insulin and liver GP activity. It is concluded that walnut is able to lower blood glucose through inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis and secretion of pancreatic insulin.© Versita Sp. z o.o.

show abstract

“…One mechanism underlying their destructive effects is triggering detrimental pathways in IPβCs like activating synthesis of toxic components. Moreover, IL-1 and TNF-α can lessen glucose-stimulated insulin secretion resulting in insulin resistance [43,44]. It is believed that some cytodestructive effects of proinflammatory cytokines may be due to ROS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of inflammatory and toxic stress biomarkers by silymarin in a murine model of type one diabetes mellitus

Malihi

Hosseini‐Tabatabaei²,

Esmaily

et al. 2009

Open Life Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by an impairment of the insulin-secreting beta cells with an immunologic base.Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β , and free radicals are believed to play key roles in destruction of pancreatic β cells. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Silybum marianum seed extract (silymarin), a combination of several flavonolignans with immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory potential on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1DM in mouse. Experimental T1DM was induced in male albino mice by IV injection of multiplelow-doses of STZ for 5 days. Seventy-two male mice in separate groups received various doses of silymarin (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) concomitant or after induction of diabetes for 21 days. Blood glucose and pancreatic biomarkers of inflammation and toxic stress (IL-1β, TNF-α, myeloperoxidase, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, thiol molecules, and total antioxidant capacity) were determined. Silymarin treatment reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β and oxidative stress mediators like myeloperoxidase activity, lipid peroxidation, carbonyl and thiol content of pancreatic tissue in an almost dose dependent manner. No marked difference between the prevention of T1DM and the reversion of this disease by silymarin was found. Use of silymarin seems to be helpful in T1DM when used as pretreatment or treatment. Benefit of silymarin in human T1DM remains to be elucidated by clinical trials.

show abstract

How does blood glucose control with metformin influence intensive insulin protocols? Evidence for involvement of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines

Cited by 35 publications

References 67 publications

Neurocognitive, Mental Health, and Glucose Disorders in Farmers Exposed to Organophosphorus Pesticides

Neurocognitive, Mental Health, and Glucose Disorders in Farmers Exposed to Organophosphorus Pesticides

Hepatic mechanisms of the Walnut antidiabetic effect in mice

Improvement of inflammatory and toxic stress biomarkers by silymarin in a murine model of type one diabetes mellitus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About