How Does Experimental Design Modify the Result of Daphnia magna Heartbeat Rate Test? ─ Analyses of Factors Affecting the Sensitivity of the Test System

Fekete-Kertész, Ildikó; Stirling, Tamás; Ullmann, Orsolya; Farkas, Éva; Kirchkeszner, Csaba; Feigl, Viktória; Molnár, Mónika

doi:10.3311/ppch.10841

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Traditionally, water fleas are immersed in test solutions for specific times, and the heartbeat is observed under a microscope. Some studies counted the heart rates in invertebrate animals with the aid of a stopwatch and the use of a pen and paper to tap the beats manually [ 3 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. However, with this manual method, it can be challenging to gather accurate and reliable data, due to the animal’s extremely fast heartbeat [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Performance Measurement in Water Fleas by Utilizing High-Speed Videography and ImageJ Software and Its Application for Pesticide Toxicity Assessment

Santoso

Крылов

Castillo

et al. 2020

Animals

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Water fleas are a good model for ecotoxicity studies, and were proposed for this purpose by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, due to their easy culture, body transparency, and high sensitivity to chemical pollution. Cardiovascular function parameters are usually used as an indicator of toxicity evaluation. However, due to the nature of the heart and blood flow, and the speed of the heartbeat, it is difficult to perform precise heartbeat and blood flow measurements with a low level of bias. In addition, the other cardiovascular parameters, including stroke volume, cardiac output, fractional shortening, and ejection fraction, have seldom been carefully addressed in previous studies. In this paper, high-speed videography and ImageJ-based methods were adopted to analyze cardiovascular function in water fleas. The heartbeat and blood flow for three water flea species, Daphnia magna, Daphnia silimis, and Moina sp., were captured by high-speed videography and analyzed using open-source ImageJ software. We found the heartbeat is species-dependent but not size-dependent in water fleas. Among the three water fleas tested, D. magna was identified as having the most robust heartbeat and blood flow rate, and is therefore suitable for the ecotoxicity test. Moreover, by calculating the diameter of the heart, we succeeded in measuring other cardiovascular parameters. D. magna were challenged with temperature changes and a pesticide (imidacloprid) to analyze variations in its cardiovascular function. We found that the heartbeat of D. magna was temperature-dependent, since the heartbeat was increasing with temperature. A similar result was shown in the cardiac output parameter. We also observed that the heartbeat, cardiac output, and heartbeat regularity are significantly reduced when exposed to imidacloprid at a low dose of 1 ppb (parts per billion). The blood flow rate, stroke volume, ejection fraction, and fractional shortening, on the contrary, did not display significant changes. In conclusion, in this study, we report a simple, highly accurate, and cost-effective method to perform physiological and toxicological assessments in water fleas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Performance Measurement in Water Fleas by Utilizing High-Speed Videography and ImageJ Software and Its Application for Pesticide Toxicity Assessment

Santoso

Крылов

Castillo

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…The results of the present investigation revealed differences in the heartbeat rates (or cardiac activity) of the exotic snail Pomacea canaliculata, tested under five fixed temperatures, ranged from 15 ºC to 45ºC. The heartbeat rate like some other techniques (for example respirometry) is a simplified measure of the metabolic rate of the invertebrate animals (20,21,23,26).The majority of the studies use these experimental techniques under laboratory conditions due to difficulties and complexity of the field measurements. But, in fact, laboratory data usually doesn't reflect the field data (18,20,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The heartbeat rate like some other techniques (for example respirometry) is a simplified measure of the metabolic rate of the invertebrate animals (20,21,23,26).The majority of the studies use these experimental techniques under laboratory conditions due to difficulties and complexity of the field measurements. But, in fact, laboratory data usually doesn't reflect the field data (18,20,27). Therefore, researchers followed many processing to keep their experimental animals under conditions nearly approaching that of the field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Impacts on the Cardiac Activity of the Snail Pomacea canaliculata from Shatt Al-Arab Region, Basrah, Iraq

Malik

2020

Baghdad Sci.J

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The effects of temperature on an exotic aquatic snail Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1819) collected from the Shatt Al-Arab intertidal zone were investigated. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted during the summer period of 2017. Individuals of new born snails hatched in the laboratory from adult snails were collected from Shatt Al-Arab intertidal zone, and subjected to five fixed temperatures: 15, 25, 35, 40 and 45 Cº, after short term thermal acclimation. The heartbeats (HB) were counted at each temperature level. The results showed significant direct increase of HB from 15 Cº (19.8 HB/min) up to 25 Cº (76 HB/min) (P<0.05) as well as from 25 Cº to 35 Cº (93 HB/min). At 40 Cº the snail HB shows only slight insignificant increase (79 HB/ min). At 45 ºC the HB became irregular and showed negative thermo cardiac activity (HB dropped to 50.4/min). The minimum HB rate of 11/min was recorded at 15 Cº and the maximum value of 119 HB/min was recorded at 40 Cº. The study concluded that P. canaliculata can be highly stressed when exposed to extreme temperature experienced during the prolonged summer months and will no longer tolerate living in the intertidal zone of Shatt Al-Arab.

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“…Previous studies have reported the biological effects of hazardous chemicals on physiological factors such as cardiac and behavioral characteristics in D. magna [28][29][30][31][32]. Fekete-Kertész et al evaluated changes in heart rates using D. magna and found that the heart rate was influenced by several factors: the chemical exposure level (triclosan); test medium; organism age; and exposure time [33]. Chung et al also reported that the heart rate and swimming distance were linearly changed by the TiO 2 nanoparticle concentration [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Adverse Effects of Metallic Nanomaterials on Cardiac and Behavioral Changes in Daphnia magna

Park

Lee

et al. 2022

Environments

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Nanomaterials are widely believed to induce toxic effects on organisms by evoking oxidative stress. We evaluated the toxic effects of nanomaterials on the cardiac and behavioral changes in Daphnia magna under varying exposure conditions. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and silver nitrate (AgNO3) were selected for the acute toxicity tests. The adverse effects of the substances on the neonates including heart rate, swimming speed, and oxidative stress were measured. The heart rate level decreased as the concentration of both NPs and silver ions (Ag+) increased. The average swimming speed was measured to be approximately 15 mm/min for the control group. The swimming speed generally increased with a longer exposure to both NPs although it reached a plateau at the lowest concentration of AgNPs. A similar but less clear trend was observed for Ag+. For all substances, the overall swimming speed exhibited no correlation or weak negative correlations with the exposure concentration. The oxidative stress levels increased after exposure compared with the control group. We conclude that aquatic nanotoxicity tests should consider multilevel physicochemical, physiological, and behavioral parameters for the official guidelines to quantify more robust adverse outcomes.

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How Does Experimental Design Modify the Result of Daphnia magna Heartbeat Rate Test? ─ Analyses of Factors Affecting the Sensitivity of the Test System

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Cardiovascular Performance Measurement in Water Fleas by Utilizing High-Speed Videography and ImageJ Software and Its Application for Pesticide Toxicity Assessment

Cardiovascular Performance Measurement in Water Fleas by Utilizing High-Speed Videography and ImageJ Software and Its Application for Pesticide Toxicity Assessment

Temperature Impacts on the Cardiac Activity of the Snail Pomacea canaliculata from Shatt Al-Arab Region, Basrah, Iraq

Acute Adverse Effects of Metallic Nanomaterials on Cardiac and Behavioral Changes in Daphnia magna

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