How Effective is Oral Hygiene Instruction? Results after 6 and 24 Weeks

Weinstein, Philip; Milgrom, Peter; Melnick, Sandra; Beach, Barbara; Spadafora, A

doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02017.x

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It has been proposed that the main cause of insufficient oral hygiene in the general population is a result of too short brushing time 18 . However, changing the behavior in this regard seems to be very difficult 19 . The commonly recommended toothbrushing time varies from 120 seconds (United States) and 180 seconds (Europe).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toothbrushing Education via a Smart Software Visualization System

Graetz

Bielfeldt

Wolff

et al. 2013

Journal of Periodontology

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Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of a recently developed smart digital toothbrush monitoring and training system (DTS) in terms of correct brushing motion and grip axis orientation in an at‐home environment.Methods: Twenty‐one participants (11 test individuals [DTSG] and 10 control individuals [COG]) received instructions on the modified Bass technique (MBT) after their toothbrushing performance was monitored and they received professional tooth cleaning (T0). After 36 hours (T1), without mechanical oral hygiene measures, plaque and gingival indices were recorded, and the brushing technique was reviewed. After randomization, participants individually performed oral hygiene for 6 weeks (T2) with the provided oral hygiene kits. The DTSG group additionally used DTS. During the following 8 weeks (T3), participants used their original brushing devices without any additional interference. Investigators at each visit were masked regarding group identity. Data were statistically evaluated using Mann‐Whitney U, Friedman, Wilcoxon, and paired tests and Pearson correlation.Results: At T0, 27.27% of DTSG participants used the MBT correctly (COG, 50%), increasing to 54.55% (COG, 60%) after professional instruction (T1) and further to 90.91% at T2 (COG, 60%) (P <0.001). Plaque scores were reduced in DTSG (P <0.05). At T3, 80% of the DTSG (COG, 40%) totally adopted the MBT (P <0.05). The plaque scores on buccal surfaces of the DTSG showed an additional slight improvement between T2 and T3, in contrast to a decline on oral surfaces (P <0.001). At T2 and T3, the DTSG brushed >120 seconds (COG, 90% and 50%) (P <0.05).Conclusion: Apparently, the tested DTS effectively improves the brushing technique and leads to a prolonged learning effect, including improved oral hygiene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toothbrushing Education via a Smart Software Visualization System

Graetz

Bielfeldt

Wolff

et al. 2013

Journal of Periodontology

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“…The result of this study supports previous studies that showed statistically significant improvement in VSC levels after non-surgical periodontal therapy. [1022] Although it was reported that the expected improvement in oral hygiene after oral hygiene instruction may be overestimated,[23] another study reported highly significant improvements in oral health after dental education and oral hygiene instruction. [24]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the concentration of volatile sulfur compound in mouth air of a group of Nigerian young adults

Ehizele

Akhionbare

2013

Ann Med Health Sci Res

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Background:The major goal of non-surgical periodontal therapy is to reduce or eliminate the subgingival pathogenic microbial flora that is known to be associated with volatile sulfur compounds (VSC).Aim:The aim of this study was, therefore, to determine the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the concentration of VSC in mouth air of young adults.Subjects and Methods:Four hundred subjects, grouped into two based on the absence or presence of periodontal diseases, were involved in this study. Basic periodontal examination was used for the grouping. The measurement of the concentration of the VSC in the mouth air of the subjects was done objectively, using the Halimeter, before and after the therapy, and at recall visits 2 weeks and 6 weeks after therapy. Chi-square and Paired t-test were used to find statistical significance.Results:The results revealed that at baseline, 78.7% (48/61) of the subjects who had VSC concentration more than 250 parts per billion (ppb) were from the group with periodontal disease. Immediately after non-surgical periodontal therapy, only 8.5% (17/200) of the subjects with periodontal disease had VSC concentration of more than 250 ppb while all the subjects with no periodontal disease had VSC concentration less than 181 ppb. The same pattern of reduction in the concentration of the VSC and improvement in oral hygiene was also obtained 2 weeks and 6 weeks after therapy.Conclusion:It can be concluded that non-surgical periodontal therapy brought about reduction in the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air of young adults.

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“…Though the cause of this phenomena is poorly understood, many suggestions have been proposed [5, 7–9, 9, 26–30]. It is possible that, for example, as a child ages and his/her level of skill improves, he or she may develop effective tooth brushing skills [26, 27]; however, once ineffective skills are developed, it may be difficult for an adult to alter his or her established oral hygiene practices—i.e., an adult with an ingrained habit may have less learning plasticity as compared to a child or adolescent [31]. Furthermore, to date, to our knowledge, few investigators have viewed tooth brushing as a routine habit through a prism of procedural-implicit memory.…”

Section: Working Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Drilling Deeper into Toothbrushing Skills: is Proactive Interference an Under-Recognized Factor in Oral Hygiene Behavior Change?

Thavarajah

Kumar

Mohandoss³

et al. 2015

Curr Oral Health Rep

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Proper tooth brushing is a seemingly simple motor activity that can promote oral health. Applying health theories, such as the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model, Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Integrated Health Coaching (IHC), may help optimize tooth brushing technique in those with suboptimal skills. Some motor activities, including tooth brushing, may over time become rote and unconscious actions, such that an existing habit can inhibit new learning, i.e., exert proactive interference on learning the new skill. Proactive interference may impede the acquisition of new tooth brushing skills; thus, in this report, we: (1) Review how the habit of tooth brushing is formed; (2) Postulate how proactive interference could impede the establishment of proper tooth brushing retraining; (3) Discuss the merits of this hypothesis; and (4) Provide guidance for future work in this topic within the context of an approach to behavior change that integrates IMB, MI and IHC methodology.

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How Effective is Oral Hygiene Instruction? Results after 6 and 24 Weeks

Cited by 31 publications

References 17 publications

Toothbrushing Education via a Smart Software Visualization System

Toothbrushing Education via a Smart Software Visualization System

Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the concentration of volatile sulfur compound in mouth air of a group of Nigerian young adults

Drilling Deeper into Toothbrushing Skills: is Proactive Interference an Under-Recognized Factor in Oral Hygiene Behavior Change?

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