How far do songbirds disperse?

Tittler, Rebecca; Villard, Marc‐André; Fahrig, Lenore

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2009.05680.x

Cited by 58 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In addition to encompassing the entire length of the route, this distance is comparable to ranges of natal dispersal distances reported in the literature (Sutherland et al 2000, Tittler et al 2009), indicating that the buffer captures a biologically relevant area.…”

Section: Bioperiods and Meteorological Indicatorssupporting

confidence: 60%

Combined effects of heat waves and droughts on avian communities across the conterminous United States

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Increasing surface temperatures and climatic variability associated with global climate change are expected to produce more frequent and intense heat waves and droughts in many parts of the world. Our goal was to elucidate the fundamental, but poorly understood, effects of these extreme weather events on avian communities across the conterminous United States. Specifically, we explored: (1) the effects of timing and duration of heat and drought events, (2) the effects of jointly occurring drought and heat waves relative to these events occurring in isolation, and (3) how effects vary among functional groups related to nest location and migratory habit, and among ecoregions with differing precipitation and temperature regimes. Using data from remote sensing, meteorological stations, and the North American Breeding Bird Survey, we used mixed effects models to quantify responses of overall and functional group abundance to heat waves and droughts (occurring alone or in concert) at two key periods in the annual cycle of birds: breeding and post-fledging. We also compared responses among species with different migratory and nesting characteristics, and among 17 ecoregions of the conterminous United States. We found large changes in avian abundances related to 100-year extreme weather events occurring in both breeding and post-fledging periods, but little support for an interaction among time periods. We also found that jointly-, rather than individually-occurring heat waves and droughts were both more common and more predictive of abundance changes. Declining abundance was the only significant response to post-fledging events, while responses to breeding period events were larger but could be positive or negative. Negative responses were especially frequent in the western U.S., and among ground-nesting birds and Neotropical migrants, with the largest single-season declines (36%) occurring among ground-nesting birds in the desert Southwest. These results indicate the importance of functional traits, timing, and geography in determining avian responses to weather extremes. Because dispersal to other regions appears to be an important avian response, it may be essential to maintain habitat refugia in a more climatically variable future.

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Section: Bioperiods and Meteorological Indicatorssupporting

confidence: 60%

Combined effects of heat waves and droughts on avian communities across the conterminous United States

et al. 2010

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“…We observed gap crossing by green hermits traveling between two unconnected forest patches that were 129 to 162 m apart. This physical capacity to cross non-forested areas explains how green hermits are sometimes present in small patches completely surrounded by non-forest matrix [21]–particularly if one-time natal dispersal movements are less sensitive to gaps than chronic foraging movements of adults [50–52]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Forest Fragmentation Limits Movements, but Not Occurrence of a Generalist Pollinator Species

et al. 2016

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Habitat loss and fragmentation influence species distributions and therefore ecological processes that depend upon them. Pollination may be particularly susceptible to fragmentation, as it depends on frequent pollinator movement. Unfortunately, most pollinators are too small to track efficiently which has precluded testing the hypothesis that habitat fragmentation reduces or eliminates pollen flow by disrupting pollinator movement. We used radio-telemetry to examine space use of the green hermit hummingbird (Phaethornis guy), an important ‘hub’ pollinator of understory flowering plants across substantial portions of the neotropics and the primary pollinator of a keystone plant which shows reduced pollination success in fragmented landscapes. We found that green hermits strongly avoided crossing large stretches of non-forested matrix and preferred to move along stream corridors. Forest gaps as small as 50 m diminished the odds of movement by 50%. Green hermits occurred almost exclusively inside the forest, with the odds of occurrence being 8 times higher at points with >95% canopy cover compared with points having <5% canopy cover. Nevertheless, surprisingly. the species occurred in fragmented landscapes with low amounts of forest (~30% within a 2 km radius). Our results indicate that although green hermits are present even in landscapes with low amounts of tropical forest, movement within these landscapes ends up strongly constrained by forest gaps. Restricted movement of pollinators may be an underappreciated mechanism for widespread declines in pollination and plant fitness in fragmented landscapes, even when in the presence of appropriate pollinators.

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“…straight-line distance between fledging and first breeding locations) of migratory songbirds are thought to be greater than that of their non-migratory counterparts [15], [16], which may result in the increased probability of permanent emigration and reduced recruitment into their populations of origin. However, determining natal dispersal distances in migratory passerines has been difficult because of limitations in sample and study system sizes, and a general pattern of decreasing resight or recapture probabilities of dispersers with increasing distance, particularly when study areas are surrounded by vast available habitat [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juvenile Survival in a Neotropical Migratory Songbird Is Lower than Expected

et al. 2013

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Attempts to estimate and identify factors influencing first-year survival in passerines, survival between fledging and the first reproductive attempt (i.e. juvenile survival), have largely been confounded by natal dispersal, particularly in long-distance migratory passerines. We studied Prothonotary Warblers (Protonotaria citrea) breeding in nest boxes to estimate first-year survival while accounting for biases related to dispersal that are common in mark-recapture studies. The natal dispersal distribution (median = 1420 m; n = 429) and a distance-dependent recruitment rate, which controls for effects of study site configuration, both indicated a pattern of short-distance natal dispersal. This pattern was consistent with results of a systematic survey for birds returning outside the nest box study sites (up to 30 km in all directions) within a majority (81%) of total available bottomland forest habitat, further suggesting that permanent emigration outside of the study system was rare. We used multistate mark-recapture modeling to estimate first-year survival and incorporated factors thought to influence survival while accounting for the potential confounding effects of dispersal on recapture probabilities for warblers that fledged during 2004–2009 (n = 6093). Overall, the average first-year survival for warblers reared without cowbird nestmates was 0.11 (95% CI = 0.09–0.13), decreased with fledging date (0.22 early to 0.03 late) and averaged 40% lower for warblers reared with a brood parasite nestmate. First-year survival was less than half of the rate thought to represent population replacement in migratory passerines (∼0.30). This very low rate suggests that surviving the first year of life for many Neotropical migratory species is even more difficult than previously thought, forcing us to rethink estimates used in population models.

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How far do songbirds disperse?

Cited by 58 publications

References 66 publications

Combined effects of heat waves and droughts on avian communities across the conterminous United States

Combined effects of heat waves and droughts on avian communities across the conterminous United States

Tropical Forest Fragmentation Limits Movements, but Not Occurrence of a Generalist Pollinator Species

Juvenile Survival in a Neotropical Migratory Songbird Is Lower than Expected

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