How Local and Global Metacognition Shape Mental Health

Seow, Tricia; Rouault, Marion; Gillan, Claire M.; Fleming, Stephen M.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.05.013

Cited by 104 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…Reductions in alcohol demand indices and delay discounting rates have also been recently reported following EFT training (Athamneh et al, 2021;Patel & Amlung, 2020). Regarding interventions aimed at improving metacognition, dedicated (Seow et al, 2021) or global treatment plans such as metacognitive therapy (Wells, 2011) could be useful in improving EFT in AUD. Indeed, providing participants with feedback on their metacognitive judgments led to greater metacognitive calibration, which generalized to untrained stimuli (Carpenter et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The present finding of a significant correlation between the score of internal details and richness of sensory details and contextual information in healthy participants, but not in participants with AUD, supports the notion of inaccurate metacognitive calibration in this population. Additionally, neural correlates of metacognition assessment point to regions of the prefrontal cortex (particularly, the fronto-polar cortex, ventro-medial prefrontal cortices, and posterior medial frontal cortex; Fleming et al, 2010;Seow et al, 2021), the insula and anterior cingulate (Moeller et al, 2016;Moeller & Goldstein, 2014), and the hippocampus (Allen et al, 2017), as many regions in which abnormal functioning has been found in subjects with AUD (Sullivan & Pfefferbaum, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced calibration between subjective and objective measures of episodic future thinking in alcohol use disorder

Noël

Saeremans

Kornreich

et al. 2022

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background A reduced capacity to mentally simulate future scenarios could be of clinical importance in alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying episodic future thinking (EFT) impairment in AUD. Methods We tested patients with severe AUD using two measures of EFT: the individual's own subjective experience of their imaginings (phenomenology) and the objective number of details included in imagined events, as assessed by an independent observer (examination). The comparison between the two measures allowed us to investigate the extent to which the subjective and objective characteristics of EFT are calibrated in healthy and AUD participants matched for age, education, and gender. The possible impact of cognitive functioning and disturbed mood on EFT measures was also investigated. Results In terms of objective details of EFT, patients with AUD (n = 40) generated fewer episodic components and more non‐episodic components than control participants (n = 40), even when controlling for cognitive functioning. However, self‐ratings of phenomenological characteristics indicated that participants with AUD perceived imagined future events at a similar level of detail as control participants. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between objective and subjective measures in healthy individuals but not in the AUD group. A higher depression score in the AUD group was not associated with the EFT measures. Conclusions These results suggest a distorted self‐assessment of the richness of imagined future events in individuals with AUD. We discuss these apparent limitations in metacognitive abilities and verbal descriptions of imagined events among individuals with AUD and their clinical implications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced calibration between subjective and objective measures of episodic future thinking in alcohol use disorder

Noël

Saeremans

Kornreich

et al. 2022

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…To our knowledge, the current study is the first to extend BIM to perceptual metacognition, and suggests that perceptual metacognition is based on the integration of processing experience and prior beliefs. Previous studies on perceptual metacognition mainly focused on the effect of processing experience (such as stimulus evidence and response time for decision making) on confidence ratings (e.g., van den Berg et al, 2016; Zylberberg et al, 2012), and the investigation of global beliefs in perceptual metacognition literature has just begun (Fleming & Daw, 2017; Lee et al, 2021; Rouault et al, 2019; Seow et al, 2021). For example, the second-order model proposed by Fleming and Daw (2017) suggests that confidence ratings in perceptual tasks may be systematically affected by both perceptual evidence and beliefs about perceptual process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are the contributions of processing experience and prior beliefs to confidence ratings domain-general or domain-specific?

Hu¹,

Yang²,

Luo³

2023

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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Previous studies on domain generality of metacognition showed inconsistent results about cross-domain correlation of metacognitive resolution, which might result from the varied relationship between actual performance and the information utilized during confidence rating across tasks. The current study investigated metacognitive domain generality using the Bayesian inference model for metamemory (BIM), which suggests that individuals integrate current processing experience and their prior beliefs to construct confidence ratings. Results from three experiments and a series of meta-analyses showed that the correlation between the contribution of processing experience to confidence ratings (parameter Pexp in BIM) across perceptual and memory domains was significantly positive, while the cross-domain correlation of metacognitive resolution (meta-d’/d’) was relatively weak. Furthermore, meta-d’/d’ was related to specific task requirements, which could lead to very low cross-task correlation of meta-d’/d’ even within the same cognitive domain. These results imply that the cross-domain correlation of metacognitive resolution might underestimate metacognitive domain generality, and the cognitive mechanisms underlying confidence rating process itself may be more domain-general.

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“…Intact metacognitive insight despite (impaired) cognitive performance in premanifest and early-HD is of clinical interest because it may be used to enhance subjective well-being and mental health (5). HD causes a wide range of psychological difficulties, but the literature on psychological interventions for people affected by HD is extremely limited (30)A recent feasibility study has shown that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (which exploits metacognition) can be beneficial to individuals with premanifest HD (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we specify metacognitive insight as the accuracy of reflection on performance in a cognitive task (i.e., insight into task performance on a trial-by-trial basis). This has been referred to as local metacognition and is distinct from global insight (5). Global insight is hierarchically more abstract than local insight, spans longer timescales and captures how we feel about performance broadly, for example, across an entire task, a cognitive domain or in daily life (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metacognitive insight into cognitive performance in pre and early-stage Huntington’s disease

Hewitt

White

Mason

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Objectives Insight is an important predictor of quality of life in Huntington's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. However, estimating insight with traditional methods such as questionnaires is challenging and subject to limitations. This study experimentally quantified metacognitive insight into cognitive performance in Huntington's disease gene-carriers. Methods We dissociated perceptual decision-making performance and metacognitive insight into performance in healthy controls (n=29), premanifest (n=19) and early-manifest (n=10) Huntington's disease gene-carriers. Insight was operationalised as the degree to which a participant's confidence in their performance was informative of their actual performance (metacognitive efficiency) and estimated using a computational model (HMeta-d). Results We found that pre and early-manifest Huntington's disease gene-carriers were impaired in making perceptual decisions compared to controls. Gene-carriers required more evidence in favour of the correct choice to achieve similar performance and perceptual impairments were increased in those with manifest disease. Surprisingly, despite marked perceptual impairments, Huntington's disease gene-carriers retained metacognitive insight into their perceptual performance. This was the case after controlling for confounding variables and regardless of disease stage. Conclusion We report for the first time a dissociation between impaired cognition and intact metacognition (trial-by-trial insight) in the early-stages of a neurodegenerative disease. This unexpected finding contrasts with the prevailing assumption that cognitive deficits are associated with impaired insight. Future studies should investigate how intact metacognitive insight could be used by some early Huntington's disease gene-carriers to positively impact their quality of life. Key words: Huntington's disease, decision-making, cognition, insight, metacognition

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How Local and Global Metacognition Shape Mental Health

Cited by 104 publications

References 155 publications

Reduced calibration between subjective and objective measures of episodic future thinking in alcohol use disorder

Reduced calibration between subjective and objective measures of episodic future thinking in alcohol use disorder

Are the contributions of processing experience and prior beliefs to confidence ratings domain-general or domain-specific?

Metacognitive insight into cognitive performance in pre and early-stage Huntington’s disease

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