How Secularized is Germany? Cohort and Comparative Perspectives

Wolf, Christof

doi:10.1177/0037768608089733

Cited by 51 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Those who answered that they went to church once a month or more often were considered religious (1), others were considered nonreligious (0). Although this measurement does not perfectly reflect a person's church attendance during his or her socialization period, we consider it a valid approximation of a respondent's religiosity also in earlier years, assuming that religiosity is relatively stable over the life course (Crockett & Voas, 2006;Te Grotenhuis, De Graaf, & Peters, 1997;Voas, 2009;Voas & Crockett, 2005;Wolf, 2008). 5 Finally, to determine immigrant status, it was only possible to check whether a respondent was born in the country in which the survey was held.…”

Section: Individual Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the gender gap in educational attainment: the impact of emancipatory contexts in 33 cohorts across 33 countries

Hek

Kraaykamp

Wolbers

2016

Educational Research and Evaluation

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Nowadays, women outperform men in educational attainment in many countries. Still, large variation between countries remains. Emancipatory contexts in which individuals are raised might explain these differences in male-female educational attainment, both over time and across countries. This study examines individual and contextual factors that affect educational attainment of men and women for cohorts born between 1950 and 1982 across 33 countries. Possible explanations for differentiation over time and across countries relate to women's labour market participation and an emancipatory normative climate, indicated by degree of religiosity. We employ multilevel models on data (N = 138,498) from 6 waves of the European Social Survey and the US General Social Survey (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012) to test our hypotheses. Results show that a higher level of female labour market participation in early adolescence improves women's performance in education, whereas high levels of religiosity during that phase negatively affect women's educational attainment.

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Section: Individual Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the gender gap in educational attainment: the impact of emancipatory contexts in 33 cohorts across 33 countries

Hek

Kraaykamp

Wolbers

2016

Educational Research and Evaluation

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“…Younger adults are more likely to switch religious affiliation than older adults according to empirical studies from Europe and the United States (e.g. Crockett and Voas 2006;Wolf 2008). This decreasing propensity to religious switching over the course of life may be related to the increasing cost in human capital involved by such change, the cost being greater for individuals who invested more in religion, notably through regular religious practice (Iannaccone 1990).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The religious switching of immigrants in Canada

Caron-Malenfant

Goujon

Skirbekk

2017

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies

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“…Auch in Folge der vor allem in den 1960er und -70er-Jahren teils vehement vorgebrachten Kritik an kirchensoziologischer Forschung konzentrieren sich soziologische Analysen theoretischer und empirischer Art seither entweder auf die Makroebene des Religionssystems -prominente Ansätze sind hier beispielsweise Säkularisierungs-theoreme (u. a. Goldstein 2009;Wolf 2008) und Markttheorien (u. a. Blasi 2009Innaccone 1992) -oder auf seine Mikroebene, etwa auf die Individualisierung religiöser Handlungsformate (u. a. Gebhardt et al 2005).…”

Section: Kirchliche Sozialformen Als Mehr-ebenen-systemeunclassified

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Heiser

2017

Z Religion Ges Polit

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Bottom-up transformationThe role of religious public within ecclesiastic multi-level systems Abstract Churches are not as change-resistant as they may seem at first sight. Rather diffuses social change into ecclesiastic social forms through the autonomy of professions as well as through the increased involvement of the religious public-which can be described as a bottom-up transformation. However, established sociological terms and approaches have proven to be inadequate to directly and fully capture complex and singular social forms of religion, such as the Catholic Church, and its change. With regard to this situation, an analytical subdivision into distinct levels of church would seem appropriate. In this sense, ecclesiastic social forms are to be understood as multi-level systems. In this paper, their inherent dissociation of functional logics and action orientations is discussed citing an empirical example stemming from Catholic liturgy: church services, which are no longer conducted by priests, but by lay persons (so called "Services of the Word"). Such church services can be seen as an activation of the religious public, which is entailing an individualization and pluralization of ecclesiastical offers. Thus, not only would individualization and pluralization seem to be transformations of the social environment, thereby contributing to a de-churching, but also processes of change within the church itself. In view of the above, ecclesiastical social forms retain a function that is not to be underestimated: ensuring the evidence of an individualized faith, which is increasingly perceived as contingent.

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How Secularized is Germany? Cohort and Comparative Perspectives

Cited by 51 publications

References 14 publications

Comparing the gender gap in educational attainment: the impact of emancipatory contexts in 33 cohorts across 33 countries

Comparing the gender gap in educational attainment: the impact of emancipatory contexts in 33 cohorts across 33 countries

The religious switching of immigrants in Canada

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