How to Make Porous Piezoelectrics? Review on Processing Strategies

Mercadelli, Elisa; Galassi, Carmen

doi:10.1109/tuffc.2020.3006248

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…23,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] T in these cases to determine the resin flow ing times corresponding to different infilt Preceramic polycarbosilane polymers as precursors to make ceramic fibers 10,3 trix. [7][8][9]40,41 The chemical and volume ch pany ceramization of the polymer during documented in several studies. with a molecular weight of 711 (Brij 76, Sigma-Aldrich), and polyethylene glycol dodecyl ether with a molecular weight of 362 (Brij 30, Sigma-Aldrich) were used as porogens.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure analysis of porous lead zirconate–titanate films

et al. 2021

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Porous ferroelectric lead zirconate–titanate (PZT) films with different internal structures are synthesized using a sol–gel technique and spin‐on deposition on platinized silicon substrates. The films’ porosity is engineered using various structure‐directing agents: polyvinylpyrrolidone with a molecular weight of 360 000 (1–6.6 wt.%) and block copolymer surfactants Brij 30 and Brij 76 (30–60 wt.%). The films’ structures are characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The PVP‐based films contain large, elongated pores with diameters as large as 100 nm. By contrast, the films prepared from solutions with block copolymers exhibit a small pore size depending on the surfactant molecular weight (10–19 nm for Brij 30 and 20–27 nm for Brij 76), with a mostly uniform distribution of channel‐like pores within the film volume. Despite their highly porous structures, all of the films show a columnar‐grain perovskite structure with grains as large as several micrometers and curved grain boundaries. The films demonstrate ferroelectric behavior with dielectric hysteresis, and their permittivity decreases with increasing porosity. Thus, the Brij 30 and Brij 76 copolymer surfactants can be used to engineer fine porous structures in PZT films for various applications in electronics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 Various methods have been developed for preparing porous ferroelectric ceramics with different internal structures; these methods include burning out polymer spheres, the polymeric sponge method, freeze casting, and three-dimensional printing. 4,8,9 Recently, films of porous…”

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confidence: 99%

Microstructure analysis of porous lead zirconate–titanate films

et al. 2021

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“…A small number of excellent reviews and book chapters exist that focus on porous ferroelectric materials, [28][29][30] which have primarily summarized the fabrication techniques of porous ferroelectric ceramics and their applications for energy harvesting applications and hydrophones for SONAR. Since the classification, characterization, simulation, and applications of porous ferroelectric materials for energy technologies have yet to be summarized, an intensive and comprehensive review on porous ferroelectric materials is timely.…”

Section: Fig 1 Interrelationship Between Piezoelectric Pyroelectric A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous ferroelectric materials for energy technologies: current status and future perspectives

Yan

Xiao

et al. 2021

Energy Environ. Sci.

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“…The incorporation of porosity into ferroelectric ceramics is a relatively straightforward and effective method for engineering their functional properties by decoupling the dielectric permittivity from the longitudinal piezoelectric strain coefficient [1], which are linked intrinsically in dense piezoelectric ceramics and single crystals [2]. By reducing the permittivity, 𝜀 33 𝑇 , at a faster rate than the longitudinal piezoelectric strain coefficient, 𝑑 33 , or pyroelectric coefficient, 𝑝, the figures of merit for sensing (𝑔 𝑝. 𝑔 𝑝𝑦𝑟𝑜 ) can be increased severalfold compared to their dense counterparts [3], [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%