How urban density, network topology and socio-economy influence public transport ridership: Empirical evidence from 48 European metropolitan areas

Abstract

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Characterising the structural pattern of urban road networks in Ghana using geometric and topological measures

“…Accordingly, topological measures assess the configuration, connectedness, and robustness of the network – and how these characteristics are distributed (Barthelemy, 2011; Boeing, 2017, 2018b). Topological measures for road networks have been widely investigated in studies including Ingvardson and Nielsen (2018); Boeing (2018b); Tian et al (2018); Li et al (2018); Boeing (2017); Knight and Marshall (2015); Barthelemy (2011); and Jiang (2007). From the literature, the basic topological measures include degrees, lengths, and densities of nodes and edges (Barthelemy, 2011; Buhl et al, 2006; Lammer et al, 2006).…”

“…The structure of a road network based on node and edge configuration implies inherent geometric and spatial constraints together with topological properties such as the location of nodes and the length of edges (Barthelemy, 2011). These geometric and topological properties, their distribution, and structural arrangement can provide profound insight into the functional structure of road networks, with several examples in the literature including Ingvardson and Nielsen (2018); Boeing (2018a); Li et al (2018); Chen et al (2017); Zhang et al (2015); Reggiani et al (2015); Huang and Levinson (2015); Freiria et al (2015); Knight and Marshall (2015); Weiss and Weibel (2014); Sanchez‐Mateos et al (2014); Wang et al (2013); Courtat et al (2011); Costa et al (2010); Blumenfeld‐Lieberthal (2009); Tiakas et al (2009); Borruso (2008); Jiang (2007); Lammer et al (2006); Crucitti et al (2006); Buhl et al (2006); Porta et al (2006); and Jiang and Claramunt (2004). The number of nodes, edges, their density, structural arrangement, and capacity can influence the optimal functioning of road networks in terms of their capability to accommodate traffic, congestion, disruptions, and other performance indicators.…”

Future local passenger transport system scenarios and implications for policy and practice

“…Similarly on the demand side demographic factors such as the effects of income, age, gender, population size and urbanisation on travel behaviour are well covered (e.g. FHWA, 2016;Dargay et al, 2007, Shergold et al, 2015Stokes 2013;Delbosc and Currie, 2013;Scheiner, 2014;Newman and Kenworthy, 2011;Ingvardson and Nielsen, 2018;Potter et al, 2019); as are changing societal trends such as the sharing economy and attitudes to privacy (Hamari et al, 2016;Cruikshanks and Waterson, 2012); and shifting market niches due to new modes and changing customer preferences (Shaheen and Cohen, 2013;Smith et al, 2018;Durand et al, 2018;Sakaria and Stehfast 2013).…”

The influence of transport offer on passenger traffic in the railway transport system in a post-socialist country: case study of Poland

“…The vast majority of analyses focus on countries with a relatively developed public transport system: e.g. the United States (Buehler and Pucher, 2012;Le et al, 2020), China (Cheng et al, 2015) and Western Europe (Ingvardson and Nielsen, 2018). In these countries the role of internal factors (transport offer) is reduced, and external factors become the main determinants (Chakraborty and Mishra, 2013;Jun et al, 2013;Lindsey et al, 2010;Ratner and Goetz, 2013).…”