How were the ditches filled? Sedimentological and micromorphological classification of formation processes within graben-like archaeological objects

Lisá, Lenka; Komoróczy, Balázs; Vlach, Marek; Válek, David; Bajer, Aleš; Kovárník, Jaromír; Rajtár, Ján; Hüssen, Claus‐Michael; Šumberová, Radka

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2014.11.049

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The available evidence is not sufficient to determine the date at which the ditch was constructed. The lifetime of the ditch in its original function, i.e., before its main infilling, could have been very short [22] or fairly long when kept clean. This has been shown for Medieval ditches that existed for hundreds of years, evidenced both by archaeology and written sources [54,68].…”

Section: Formation and Filling Of The Ditchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its maintenance was probably managed only through burning off the vegetation, as suggested by the numerous microcharcoals of Gramineae present in the micromorphology and palynology. Neolithic rondel ditches, for example, did not contain any charcoal, and therefore, their maintenance must have been managed in a different way [22]. During the first stages of its use, the ditch of La Chaume, Bibracte, contained stagnant water as shown by the micromorphological and diatom analyses (Fig 10).…”

Section: Formation and Filling Of The Ditchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the excavation of the Bibracte ditch, we applied different methods to obtain complex information alongside the relatively common archaeobotany, anthracology and palynology analyses. Besides macroscopical observations, methods such as microstratigraphical description [21][22][23], geochemistry [24,25] and proxies, including diatoms [26,27] and parasitology [28] contribute valuable information. Radiocarbon dating also provided useful evidence, despite the relatively short period over which the ditch was filled in.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the complex story of one ditch—A multidisciplinary study of ditch infill provides insight into the spatial organisation within the oppidum of Bibracte (Burgundy, France)

et al. 2020

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Seemingly empty spaces in various archaeological settings have left many unanswered questions. This paper focuses on the appearance, maintenance and possible function of a large empty area situated at the summit plateau of the Iron Age oppidum Bibracte in France. Multidisciplinary research of the infill of the ditch that delimited this area in the 1 st century BC has provided evidence on the primary function and the formation processes of the structure itself, and for the reconstruction of the appearance, maintenance and function of the area it enclosed. The results allow us to gain insight into a variety of topics, including the role of trees, hygiene measures and waste management strategies at this urbanised hilltop centre. This paper demonstrates that multi-proxy analyses provide detailed insight into the function of archaeological features in a local environmental context and the potential of such approaches in archaeology.

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Section: Formation and Filling Of The Ditchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Formation and Filling Of The Ditchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the complex story of one ditch—A multidisciplinary study of ditch infill provides insight into the spatial organisation within the oppidum of Bibracte (Burgundy, France)

et al. 2020

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“…The geochemical methods used in soil surveys can provide some means to gain information on both the human impact and natural conditions. Soils on archaeological sites can be studied in many ways: macroscopically (Kristiansen, 2001), micromorphologically (Bullock et al, 1985;Lisá et al, 2015) and geochemically. Some studies are focused on using Phosphorus (Holliday, Gartner, 2007) and there are also studies on using multielement analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Scale Geochemical Signatures Enable to Determine Landscape Use in the Deserted Medieval Villages

Janovský¹,

Horák²

2018

IANSA

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“…Jak v takovém případě pracovat se souborem artefaktů a sedimentárním archivem? Jednou z možností je detailní studium mikrostratigrafie doplněné o geochemickou analýzu (Goldberg-Macphail 2006;Lisá et al 2015). …”

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Geoarcheologická studie vzniku, využívání a zániku hradního příkopu na hradě Rokštejn

Mazáčková¹,

Lisá²

2016

Archaeologia Historica

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Key words: Middle Ages -castle -moat -formation processes -archaeological stratigraphy -geoarchaeological research -micromorphology -waste area -communication diagram. ÚvodZ dispozice hradních areálů a jejich archeologického obsahu lze usuzovat na části, které sloužily jako komunikační a odpadní areály. Formativní procesy v obou případech významně ovlivňuje člověk, a to udáním charakteru vrstvy (obsahu artefaktů nebo ekofaktů). Komunikační vrstva má stavebníkem požadovanou úpravu a po uvedení do provozu je nutné udržení její provozní stability, které se zabezpečuje úklidem a zpřístupněním komunikačních tras pro bezpečný chod sídla. Přímé rozdělení na komunikační a odpadní areály v rámci hradní architektury lze dokumentovat především v době stabilizace sídla. Druhy produkovaného odpadu lze rozdělit mezi běžný provoz kuchyně, lidský odpad (prevéty), odpad výrobní (hradní kovárna), stavební nebo odpad hospodářský (chov zvířat). Velké a dramatické kumulace v hradním prostředí přestavu-jí vrstvy stavebního odpadu, planýrek a kuchyňského odpadu. Rozloha a zastavěnost hradní parcely ovlivňuje deponování odpadu. Odpadové areály externího charakteru zaplňují mimokomunikační deprese, prostory v blízkosti staveb, nebo naopak doplňují komunikační prostor jako zpevňující prvek. Vzniklé většinou horizontální kulturní vrstvy jsou interpretovatelné jako možné pochozí horizonty, ale převládající formační proces nelze makroskopicky specifikovat (Durdík 2010, 47; Bajer a kol. 2013, 39-44;Schiffer 1972; 1987; Neustupný 2007, 66-72; Čapek 2013, 19-23, 64-72).Jakým způsobem však interpretovat situaci, která vykazuje prvky komunikačního prostoru, ale z hlediska sedimentárního obsahu reflektuje odpadní areál? Jak lze jednotlivé fáze vyplňování rozpoznat a interpretovat? Jak v takovém případě pracovat se souborem artefaktů a sedimentárním archivem? Jednou z možností je detailní studium mikrostratigrafie doplněné o geochemickou analýzu (Goldberg-Macphail 2006;Lisá et al. 2015).

show abstract

How were the ditches filled? Sedimentological and micromorphological classification of formation processes within graben-like archaeological objects

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

Investigating the complex story of one ditch—A multidisciplinary study of ditch infill provides insight into the spatial organisation within the oppidum of Bibracte (Burgundy, France)

Investigating the complex story of one ditch—A multidisciplinary study of ditch infill provides insight into the spatial organisation within the oppidum of Bibracte (Burgundy, France)

Large Scale Geochemical Signatures Enable to Determine Landscape Use in the Deserted Medieval Villages

Geoarcheologická studie vzniku, využívání a zániku hradního příkopu na hradě Rokštejn

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