HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn identification of phenolic compounds in cultivated strawberries from Macedonia

Abstract

Strawberry fruits contain phenolic compounds that exhibit antioxidant, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, antinflammatory and anti-neurodegenerative properties. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) detection in the positive and negative ion mode has been used to identify the phenolic compounds in extracts from sixteen different strawberry cultivar fruits from Republic of Macedonia. Photodiode-array detection (DAD) has been used for screening of the different classes of phenolic compounds, whereas MS and MSn fragmentation data were employed for their structural characterization. The phenolic compounds identified were grouped as: ellagic acid and ellagic acid conjugates with sugars, ellagitannins, anthocyanins, flavonols, flavanols, and acylated sugars (feruloyl, caffeoyl and coumaroyl hexoses). Quercetin and kaempferol were the major flavonols found as quercetin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoronide, kaempferol 3-O-malonylglucoside, kaempferol 3-O-acetylglucoside and kaempferol 3-O-coumaroylglucoside. Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside was the most abundant anthocyanin in all strawberry extracts. Proanthocyanidins were also identified by MSn fragmentation as dimers, trimers and tetramers of (epi)catechin and (epi)afzelechin. This is the first assay of the phenolic profile of the strawberry cultivars in Macedonia, which can be further developed for characterization and evaluation of their quality with regards to their phenolic composition.

Neuromodulatory Activity of Dietary Phenolics Derived from Corchorus olitorius L.

“…Several peaks were tentatively assigned as kaempferol derivatives based on their ESI‐MS/MS spectra, such as ( Co 8) with [M−H] − ion at m / z 533.1300, which is consistent with the report on kaempferol‐3‐ O ‐malonylglucoside, with fragment ions corresponding to kaempferol hexoside ( m / z 447) and kaempferol ion ( m / z 285) after loss of the malonyl moiety (–86 amu) and hexose moiety (–162 amu), respectively (Kajdžanoska, Gjamovski, & Stefova, ). Furthermore, peak ( Co 18) was associated with [M−H] − at m / z 489.1037 and a main fragment at m / z 285, after loss of acetyl hexose (–204 amu), and was identified as kaempferol‐3‐ O ‐acetyl hexoside.…”

LC‐MS/MS profiling of polyphenol‐enriched leaf, stem and root extracts of Korean Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc and determination of their antioxidant effects

“…Additional fragments at m/z 283, 269 and 179 were also detected. Compounds 14 , 20 , 22 and 29 were identified as a ferulic acid 5‐ O ‐hexoside derivative, neohesperidin, kaempferol 3‐O‐hexoside and diosmetin 7‐ O ‐dihexoside, respectively (Kajdžanoska et al, ; Lin & Harnly, ). Compound 14 presented an [M − H] − ion at m/z 449, which was further fragmented to m/z 431, 287 and 269, consistent with the published literature.…”

Phytochemical and Biological Study of Adiantum Capillus-Veneris L. Growing in Egypt

“…1 H, APT, COSY and HMBC NMR spectral data for compound 3 in are summarized in Table 3. On the basis of the obtained data, and by comparing with the reported literature (Harborne, 1994;Kajdžanoska et al, 2010;Nawwar et al, 1984), compound 3 was identified as kampferol-3-O--D-glucuronide.…”