HPV vaccination in women aged 24–45 years

Solomon, Diane; Castle, Phil; Hildesheim, Allan; Katki, Hormuzd A.; Schiffman, Mark; Wacholder, Sholom

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61782-7

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The transition zone of the cervix, where the squamous cells of the ectocervix meet the glandular mucus‐secreting cells of the endocervix, is the area most susceptible to precancerous changes related to human papilloma virus . The intended purpose of LEEP is to remove the dysplasia and, in doing so, the transition zone is also disrupted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loop electrosurgical excision procedure and risk of vaginal infections during pregnancy: an observational study

Stout

Frey

Tuuli

et al. 2014

BJOG

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Objective To investigate the risk for preterm birth associated with vaginal infections in pregnancies after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) compared to women with no prior LEEP. Study Design Multicenter retrospective cohort study Setting United States Population Women with LEEP between 1996 and 2006 were compared to two unexposed groups who had cervical biopsy orPap test without any other cervical procedure in the same calendar year. Methods The first pregnancy progressing beyond 20 weeks of gestation in women with prior LEEP was compared to women without LEEP. Stratified analysis according to presence or absence of vaginal infection during pregnancy was used to investigate whether risk for preterm birth differed according to presence or absence of infection. Interaction between LEEP and vaginal infection was investigated using multivariable logistic regression with interaction terms as well as the Mantel-Haenszel test for homogeneity. Main Outcome Measures Spontaneous preterm birth (<37 and <34 weeks). Results Of 1727 patients who met inclusion criteria, 34.4% (n=598) underwent LEEP prior to index pregnancy. There was no increased risk for vaginal infections among women with LEEP compared to women without LEEP. Chlamydia infection and LEEP demonstrated significant interaction suggesting that the presence of chlamydia infection in women with history of LEEP augments the risk for preterm birth compared to women with no history of LEEP. Conclusions Vaginal infections during pregnancy in women with a history of LEEP may be associated with an increased risk for preterm birth compared to women with no history of LEEP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loop electrosurgical excision procedure and risk of vaginal infections during pregnancy: an observational study

Stout

Frey

Tuuli

et al. 2014

BJOG

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“…The current information suggests that the effectiveness of the two vaccine doses may be comparable to that of the three vaccines. This finding has significant implications for regions where vaccine utilization is constrained by financial considerations [20]. Therapeutic vaccines, which go beyond prophylactic vaccines, are designed to eradicate HPV infections by triggering T-cell-mediated immunity against the E6 and E7 antigens of the virus.…”

Section: Primary Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The future of cervical cancer prevention: advances in research and technology

Chandra Sekar,

Thomas,

Veerabathiran

2024

Exploration of Medicine

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This article provides an informative overview of the current situation and future trends in cervical cancer prevention. Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern worldwide and is characterized by notable variations in both incidence and mortality rates between developed and developing countries. This underscores the importance of understanding the pathophysiology of cervical cancer, stressing the involvement of high-risk HPV types. The presence of supplementary risk factors facilitates the transition from infection to cancer. This review examines current preventive methods, including the success of HPV vaccines such as Gardasil and Cervarix, and the effectiveness of screening techniques, from cytology to HPV DNA testing. It noted the limitations faced by primary and secondary preventive measures, particularly in low-resource settings, which include access to vaccines and effective screening procedures. Emerging technologies in cervical cancer prevention, such as liquid-based cytology, molecular testing, and AI, promise to improve early detection and diagnosis accuracy and efficiency. The potential of precision medicine to customize treatment based on individual risk factors was discussed. It explores the innovation in genetic editing techniques, such as CRISPR/Cas9, in targeting HPV oncoproteins, the advent of immunotherapy, the role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and the prospects of biomarkers in improving early detection. Research and technological advancements are leading to transformative changes in cervical cancer prevention. These developments suggest a path toward improved screening, diagnosis, and treatment that could significantly reduce the global burden of the disease. However, realizing the full potential of these advances requires inclusive research and international collaboration to overcome access disparities, particularly in resource-limited settings.

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“…The impact of a prophylactic vaccine on the incidence of cervical neoplasms can only be observed over the course of decades. (60)(61)(62) A decrease in the incidence of high grade cervical abnormalities within 3 years after the implementation of a population-wide HPV vaccination programme in Australia has been reported. (63) An effective therapeutic vaccine is still urgently needed because a prophylactic vaccine does not impact HPV clearance rates of existing infections.…”

Section: Hpv Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus research on the prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis of cervical cancer in Taiwan

Chao¹,

Huang²,

Lai³

2012

Biomed J

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Cervical cancer is third in incidence and fourth in mortality among cancers of women worldwide. Epidemiological studies have shown that human papillomavirus (HPV) is necessary, if not sufficient, to cause nearly 100% of cervical cancers. HPV testing is useful in primary screening for cervical neoplasms. The value of HPV detection or genotyping is potentially useful in triage of borderline or low-grade abnormal cervical cytology, follow-up after treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, assessment of prognosis and treatment planning for invasive cervical cancer. Studies from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital have defined the genotype distribution of cervical cancer in Taiwan and confirmed the independent prognostic value of the HPV genotype in cervical cancer. The cost-effectiveness of using HPV testing in prevention and management of cervical neoplasms depends on the medical and public health infrastructure of the individual country. The population-based HPV prevalence and genotype distribution as well as longitudinal follow-up studies have established strong support for incorporating HPV testing with cervical cytology and for future comparisons of HPV epidemiology before and after implementation of HPV prophylactic vaccines in Taiwan. Future directions in HPV research are discussed. (Chang Gung Med J 2012;35: 297-308) Key words: cervical neoplasm, human papillomavirus, cancer screening, prognosis ( 1) zur Hausen first suggested that human papillomavirus (HPV) was likely to be a sexually transmitted agent in the mid-1970s.(2) More recent molecular and epidemiological studies have shown that HPV is the main causative agent of cervical neoplasms. HPV contributes to the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and subsequent invasive carcinomas.(3) To date, approximately 120 different HPV types that infect humans have been indentified. The 15 leading HPV types (HPV16,18,58,33,52,39,45,31,51,56,59,35,68, 73, and 82) that have been linked to cervical cancer constitute high-risk types. (4) Characterization of the HPV types according to phylogenetic species resulted in their assignment to the following groups: α1/α8/α10 (HPV6,11,40,32,42,43,44,55, and 74), α3/α15 (HPV61,62, 71, 72, 81, Prof. Chyong-Huey Lai

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HPV vaccination in women aged 24–45 years

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Loop electrosurgical excision procedure and risk of vaginal infections during pregnancy: an observational study

Loop electrosurgical excision procedure and risk of vaginal infections during pregnancy: an observational study

The future of cervical cancer prevention: advances in research and technology

Human papillomavirus research on the prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis of cervical cancer in Taiwan

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