HPV Vaccination Role in Cervical Cancer Elimination: A Literature Review

Abstract

Relevance: Cervical cancer is a socially significant disease in the development of which the human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a central role. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted virus, affecting 80% of sexually active men and women by age 45. Since 2017, the World Health Organization has recommended that all countries implement HPV vaccination programs to reduce and eliminate сervical cancer.The study aimed to examine the role of HPV vaccination in eliminating сervical cancer over the past decade. Methods: The literature search was done in the PUBMED, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases for the last ten years using the keywords "cervical cancer", "vaccination", and "human papillomavirus". The review included the results of randomized studies and meta-analyses. Results:The literature provides evidence of the effectiveness and safety of HPV vaccination in countries that have introduced HPV vaccine immunization. The compelling evidence for the effectiveness of HPV vaccination in preventing HPV urges to move from control to elimination of HPV-related diseases.Conclusion: Сervical cancer is the only cancer that can be prevented by vaccination. The development of HPV vaccines and the introduction of HPV immunization into national vaccination schedules helped many countries reduce HPV prevalence and thus reduce HPV incidence.

Assessment of Awareness and Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer Among Young Women in Almaty

“…Introduction: About 1800 new cases of cervical cancer and 600 deaths from this disease are registered in the Republic of Kazakhstan each year [1]. In recent years, the number of new cases of cervical cancer among young women has doubled.…”

The Global Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Causing Cervical Cancer: A Literature Review

“…It has been established that the cause of CC is the chronic persistence of the human papillomavirus (HPV) in the body. HPV causes up to 4.5% of all new cases of cervical cancer in the world [1]. HPV was first described in 1933 by Shope and Hurst [2], but Harald Zur Hausen was the first to demonstrate the presence of the HPV genome in the tissues of cervical tumors, which gave grounds to establish a link between HPV and CC [3][4][5].…”