Human adipose‑derived mesenchymal stem cell‑conditioned media suppresses inflammatory bone loss in a lipopolysaccharide‑induced murine model

Abstract

Conditioned media (CM) from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) contains various cytokines, growth factors and microRNAs, which may serve important roles in modulating the inflammatory process. However, the effect of MSC-CM on inflammatory bone loss remains unknown. The present study investigated the effects of conditioned media from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSC-CM) on the prevention of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated bone loss in mice. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of this effect, the effects of AMSC-CM on serum levels of inflammation-associated cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and IL-10] in LPS-treated mice, in addition to their mRNA expression in LPS-treated macrophages, was investigated. Micro-computed tomography and histological analysis revealed that AMSC-CM administration effectively inhibited LPS-induced bone destruction in vivo. ELISA analysis indicated that AMSC-CM significantly reduced the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6) in LPS-treated mice. Furthermore, AMSC-CM treatment significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in macrophages treated with LPS. These findings indicate that AMSC-CM inhibits LPS-induced bone loss by decreasing the production of proinflammatory cytokines, suggesting that the use of AMSC-CM may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of inflammatory bone loss.

Mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into spinal cord injury adopt immune cell-like characteristics

“…Additionally, the downregulation of genes related to DNA repair in transplanted MSCs, in combination with the downregulation of genes related to cell-cycle activity, supports the theory that MSCs are struggling to survive within the recipient and simply perish between 7 and 14 days post transplantation. Given that the MSCs manage to secrete enough tissue and immunomodulatory factors [14, 15, 21, 32–40] during this time to enhance recovery, the short-term survival is not of great concern. However, it is interesting to speculate whether long-term survival could enhance recovery further.…”

“…Both the differentiation and the elevation of neurotrophic and growth factors have been proposed as possible explanations for the enhanced recovery of hind limb motor function [2, 7, 9, 12, 13]. In culture conditions, MSCs release extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) containing proteins, trophic factors, cytokines [14, 15], mRNA [14, 16], and microRNA [14, 17, 18] through which they modify neighboring cells and mediate neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects [19–21]. The regenerative potential of MSC-EVs seems to depend on the culture conditions [22, 23].…”

3D printed poly(ε‑caprolactone) scaffolds function with simvastatin‑loaded poly(lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) microspheres to repair load‑bearing segmental bone defects

“…The expression of genes associated with osteogenesis was assessed by RT-qPCR, as previously described (35). After 7 and 14 days of culture, total RNA was prepared using TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) in order to determine the mRNA expression of ALP and COL type 1 (COL 1), which are associated with osteogenesis.…”

Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease: Immune Biomarkers, Audiovestibular Aspects, and Therapeutic Modalities of Cogan’s Syndrome

“…This includes murine models of rheumatoid arthritis [ 64 ], experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE; animal model of multiple sclerosis) [ 65 ], and systemic lupus erythematosus [ 66 ]. Reduction of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF- α , IL-1, and IL-6 [ 67 ], and induced production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 [ 66 ] by hAdMSC constitute a possible immune mechanism.…”