Human Capital Persistence and Development

Rocha, Rodney García; Ferraz, Claudio; Soares, Rodrigo R.

doi:10.1257/app.20150532

Cited by 64 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These findings complement recent scholarship examining the selection of immigrants to the United States (e.g., Abramitzky, Boustan and Eriksson, 2012, 2013, Spitzer and Zimran, 2013 and their experiences after arrival (e.g., Abramitzky, Boustan and Eriksson, 2014), as well as the existing literature on the importance of the cultural legacies of immigration (e.g., Fischer, 1989, Ottaviano and Peri, 2006, Ager and Bruckner, 2013, Grosjean, 2014, Bandiera, Mohnen, Rasul and Viarengo, 2016. Our findings of the long-term benefits of immigrants within the United States complement existing studies that also find long-term benefits of historical immigration in Brazil (Rocha, Ferraz and Soares, 2015) and Argentina (Droller, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Immigrants that went to Brazil in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, on average, were more educated than the native populations. In this setting, the evidence suggests that immigration resulted in higher levels of education, which had a persistent effect, resulting in higher living standards today (Rocha et al, 2015). 46 Such an effect has also been found in modern Mexico (Atkin, 2016).…”

Section: Agriculturementioning

confidence: 77%

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Migrants and the Making of America: The Short- and Long-Run Effects of Immigration during the Age of Mass Migration

Sequeira¹,

Nunn²,

Qian³

2017

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We study the effects of European immigration to the United States during the Age of Mass Migration (1850-1920) on economic prosperity today. We exploit variation in the extent of immigration across counties arising from the interaction of fluctuations in aggregate immigrant flows and the gradual expansion of the railway network across the United States. We find that locations with more historical immigration today have higher incomes, less poverty, less unemployment, higher rates of urbanization, and greater educational attainment. The long-run effects appear to arise from the persistence of sizeable short-run benefits, including greater industrialization, increased agricultural productivity, and more innovation.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Agriculturementioning

confidence: 77%

Migrants and the Making of America: The Short- and Long-Run Effects of Immigration during the Age of Mass Migration

Sequeira¹,

Nunn²,

Qian³

2017

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“…Why does the immigrant share of Europeans matter? Glaeser et al (2004) (2012) and Rocha et al (2015) analyse the case of Brazil. In this Section, I show that migrant inflow during the Age of Mass Migration changed the human capital profile of the population in the fertile plains.…”

Section: The European Origin Of Industrialisation In the Pampas: A Humentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration, Population Composition and Long Run Economic Development: Evidence from Settlements in the Pampas

Droller

2017

The Economic Journal

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This article analyses the impact of population composition on long run economic development, by studying European migration to Argentina during the Age of Mass Migration (1850–1914). I use an instrumental variables (IV) approach that assigns immigrants to counties by interacting two sources of variation: the availability of land for settlement and the arrival of Europeans over time. Counties with historically higher shares of European population in 1914 have higher per capita GDP 80 years later. I show that this long run effect is linked to the higher level of human capital that immigrants brought to Argentina. I show that Europeans raised literacy rates in the receiving counties, and that high‐skilled Europeans played an important role in the onset of industrialisation, owned most of the industrial establishments, and provided the majority of the industrial labour force.

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“…Carvalho Filho and Colistete, ‘Education performance’; Carvalho Filho and Monasterio, ‘Immigration’; Musacchio, Fritscher, and Viarengo, ‘Colonial institutions’; Rocha, Ferraz, and Soares, ‘Human capital’; Stolz, Baten, and Botelho, ‘Growth effects’.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigration and the path dependence of education: the case of German‐speakers in São Paulo, Brazil (1840–1920)

Souza

2017

The Economic History Review

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This article studies the path dependence of human capital accumulation in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It focuses on the impacts of German‐speaking immigrants on education through three channels: their share of the population in the nineteenth century, their on‐the‐job skills, and the schools they founded. Using a new dataset based on almanacs from 1873 and 1888, these effects are evaluated for the nineteenth, early twentieth, and early twenty‐first centuries. The article shows that the institutionalized demand for education of these immigrants, reflected by the establishment of schools, was their main contribution to the accumulation of human capital. The effect of German schools on educational levels required a period to mature and dissipated over time. Nevertheless, its influence was substantial at the beginning of the twentieth century, affecting enrolment levels in private and state schools, a result that suggests the existence of spillover and contagion effects. Moreover, current indicators for stocks and flows of human capital in São Paulo are strongly associated with their historical levels. At the same time, this path dependence is conditional on the type of school: while a positive persistence is found for the private system throughout the twentieth century, convergence occurred in state schools.

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Human Capital Persistence and Development

Cited by 64 publications

References 46 publications

Migrants and the Making of America: The Short- and Long-Run Effects of Immigration during the Age of Mass Migration

Migrants and the Making of America: The Short- and Long-Run Effects of Immigration during the Age of Mass Migration

Migration, Population Composition and Long Run Economic Development: Evidence from Settlements in the Pampas

Immigration and the path dependence of education: the case of German‐speakers in São Paulo, Brazil (1840–1920)

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