Human Chitotriosidase Does Not Catabolize Hyaluronan

Danielson, Ben T.; Chen, Che‐Hong; Kaber, Gernot; Mochly‐Rosen, Daria; Grimes, Kevin; Stern, Robert; Bollyky, Paul L.

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.181

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Since hyaluronan (polysaccharide of the repeating disaccharide of N-acetylglucosamine and D-glucuronic acid) has some structural resemblance with chitin and is present in the CSF [ 37 ], we also screened for potential hydrolysis products but found no signal compatible with those oligosaccharides. This was in agreement with in vitro data indicating that CHIT1 did not cleave hyaluronan [ 48 ]. Limitations of this preliminary study include the following: low volumes for testing; only a duplicate, but from two independent pools, was performed; CSF pools were analyzed instead of individual samples; only ALS samples and not controls for comparison were investigated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Cerebrospinal Fluid Chitinases as Biomarkers for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

et al. 2021

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative neuromuscular disease that affects motor neurons controlling voluntary muscles. Survival is usually 2–5 years after onset, and death occurs due to respiratory failure. The identification of biomarkers would be very useful to help in disease diagnosis and for patient stratification based on, e.g., progression rate, with implications in therapeutic trials. Neurofilaments constitute already-promising markers for ALS and, recently, chitinases have emerged as novel marker targets for the disease. Here, we investigated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) chitinases as potential markers for ALS. Chitotriosidase (CHIT1), chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), chitinase-3-like protein 2 (CHI3L2) and the benchmark marker phosphoneurofilament heavy chain (pNFH) were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from the CSF of 34 ALS patients and 24 control patients with other neurological diseases. CSF was also analyzed by UHPLC-mass spectrometry. All three chitinases, as well as pNFH, were found to correlate with disease progression rate. Furthermore, CHIT1 was elevated in ALS patients with high diagnostic performance, as was pNFH. On the other hand, CHIT1 correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC). The three chitinases correlated with pNFH, indicating a relation between degeneration and neuroinflammation. In conclusion, our results supported the value of CHIT1 as a diagnostic and progression rate biomarker, and its potential as respiratory function marker. The results opened novel perspectives to explore chitinases as biomarkers and their functional relevance in ALS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%