Human Chondrocytes from Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Seeded on a Dermal-Derived Collagen Matrix Sheet: Our Preliminary Results for a Ready to Go Biotechnological Cartilage Graft in Clinical Practice

Abstract

Background. The articular cartilage is unique in that it contains only a single type of cell and shows poor ability for spontaneous healing. Cartilage tissue engineering which uses mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) is considered an attractive treatment for cartilage lesions and osteoarthritis. The establishment of cartilage regenerative medicine is an important clinical issue, but the search for cell sources able to restore cartilage integrity proves to be challenging. The aim of this study was to create cartilage grafts from the combination of AT-MSCs and collagen substrates. Methods. Mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from human donors’ adipose tissue, and collagen scaffold, obtained from human skin and cleaned from blood vessels, adipose tissues, and debris, which only preserve dermis and epidermis, were seeded and cultured on collagen substrates and differentiated to chondrocytes. The obtained chondrocyte extracellular matrix of cartilage was then evaluated for the expression of chondrocyte-/cartilage-specific markers, the Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP), collagen X, alpha-1 polypeptide (COL10A1), and the Collagen II, Human Tagged ORF Clone (COL2A1) by using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results. Our findings have shown that the dermal collagen may exert important effects on the quality of in vitro expanded chondrocytes, leading in this way that the influence of collagen skin matrix helps to produce highly active and functional chondrocytes for long-term cartilage tissue regeneration. Conclusion. This research opens up the possibility of generating cartilage grafts with the precise purpose of improving the existing limitation in current clinical procedures.

Enhanced Circadian Clock in MSCs-Based Cytotherapy Ameliorates Age-Related Temporomandibular Joint Condyle Degeneration

“…However, the safety, efficacy and feasibility of these MSCs in cartilage regeneration have been rigorously examined. Dang et al recently demonstrated that an advanced therapeutic application combining adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and dermal-derived collagen could promote cartilage regeneration [ 39 ]. Recent studies reported that repetitive injections of exogenous BMSCs could relieve cartilage degeneration in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) in rodent models [ 16 , 40 ].…”

“…The aged mice were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of Ketamine and Xylazine (100 mg/mL, 2:1, 1 mL/kg body weight). The delivery of cells into the bilateral TMJ regions were performed as previously described [ 18 , 39 ]. Briefly, the mice were laid sidelong after deep anesthesia.…”

Superior Alignment of Human iPSC-Osteoblasts Associated with Focal Adhesion Formation Stimulated by Oriented Collagen Scaffold

“…Based on these data, we demonstrated similar propertie tween cells (proliferation and orientation) and FAs (number and directionality), sug ing that the unique cellular properties of hiPSC-Obs depend on the formation of FAs recognition of the extracellular matrix substratum (Figure 5). The interaction between cells and biomaterials is one of the crucial topics in the of regenerative medicine [22][23][24][25]. Several in vitro studies have been conducted to a cially regulate cellular orientation using the geometry of the material surface [26], pa ing [27,28], molecular arrays [14,15,[29][30][31], and mechanical strain of the substrate [3 control bone microstructure formation.…”

Dental-derived stem cells and biowaste biomaterials: What’s next in bone regenerative medicine applications

“…MSCs are also able to produce immunomodulatory factors, leading to the creation of a regenerative microenvironment. Thanks to these properties, MSCs may play a main role in regenerative medicine, and some clinical studies have demonstrated that MSCs from different sources may have the ability to repair injured tissues, such as bone (Salgado et al, 2020;Gugliandolo et al, 2021) and corneal tissue engineering (Nosrati et al, 2021a), wound healing and muscle (Martínez-Sarrà et al, 2017), cartilage regeneration (Mata et al, 2017;Dang et al, 2021), as well spinal cord injuries (Asadi-Golshan et al, 2021).…”