Human Electroretinogram Responses to Video Displays, Fluorescent Lighting, and Other High Frequency Sources

Berman, S.M.; Greenhouse, Daniel; Bailey, Ian L.; Clear, Robert; Raasch, Thomas W.

doi:10.1097/00006324-199108000-00012

Cited by 153 publications

(77 citation statements)

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“…In 80% of classrooms the fluorescent lighting was operated by 50 Hz circuitry that produces 100 Hz variation in light output. Although it is imperceptible, the 100 Hz variation is resolved by the human retina (Berman et al, 1991), interferes with ocular motor control (Wilkins, 1986) and visual performance (Veitch and McColl, 1995), gives headaches and eye-strain (Wilkins et al, 1989), and possibly contributes to anxiety (Hazell and Wilkins, 1990). Given these aspects of the visual environment in schools, it is perhaps unsurprising that such a large proportion of school children benefit from coloured overlays.…”

Section: Overlays Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual stress, its treatment with spectral filters, and its relationship to visually induced motion sickness

Wilkins

Evans

2010

Applied Ergonomics

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a b s t r a c tWe review the concept of visual stress and its relation to neurological disease. Visual stress can occur from the observation of images with unnatural spatial structure and an excess of contrast energy at spatial frequencies to which the visual system is generally most sensitive. Visual stress can often be reduced using spectral filters, provided the colour is selected with precision to suit each individual. The use of such filters and their effects on reading speed are reviewed. The filters have been shown to benefit patients with a variety of neurological conditions other than reading difficulty, all associated with an increased risk of seizures.

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Section: Overlays Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual stress, its treatment with spectral filters, and its relationship to visually induced motion sickness

Wilkins

Evans

2010

Applied Ergonomics

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“…Luminous modulation at rates as high as 147 Hz influences neural firing, even when not perceived as flickering light. 49,50 Rey and Rey found that working under low-frequency (50 Hz) fluorescent light caused a larger drop in perceptual critical flicker fusion (a measure of visual fatigue), a larger increase in reaction time, and poorer performance on a proofreading task, than working under high-frequency fluorescent light (100 kHz). 51 West and Boyce 52 and Wilkins 53 found that saccadic eye movements are disrupted by low-frequency flicker, but not high-frequency flicker, across a wide range of flicker rates.…”

Section: -48mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lighting Quality Contributions from Biopsychological Processes

Veitch

2001

Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society

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/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. Society, 30, 1, pp. 3-16, 2001-04-01 Lighting quality contributions from biopsychological processes Veitch, J. A. Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Lighting quality contributions from biopsychological processes Veitch, J.A.A version of this paper is published in / Une version de ce document se trouve dans :Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, v. 30, no. 1, 2001, pp. 3-16 www.nrc.ca/irc/ircpubs NRCC-42468© AbstractInternal processes, both biological and psychological, are thought to mediate the relationships between luminous conditions and such behavioral outcomes as task performance, mood, social behavior, aesthetic judgements and satisfaction. This review paper summarizes the state of knowledge concerning mediating biopsychological processes: visibility, photobiology, and stress and arousal. Visibility is well-understood and obviously relevant to lighting practice. Photobiology, however, is a new entrant to the realm of lighting research; its findings could have important implications for recommended illuminance levels if these were based on more than visibility. Stress and arousal, interrelated concepts, are popular notions, but close examination reveals only weak support for these mechanisms as explanations of lighting effects on behavior. The improved organization of research and increased predictive power that would result from clear exposition of theoretical mechanisms in lighting research holds promise for progress in linking research and application.Lighting Quality and Biopsychology / 2 Introduction Renewed interest in lighting quality emerged in the early 1990s, in parallel with the development of energy codes and standards. Lighting practitioners remembered the energy conservation strategies of the 1970s energy crisis, in which delamping reduced overall light levels and produced uneven distributions of light. Energy was saved, but lighting quality declined. Lighting designers of the day decried this simplistic approach to conservation and feared that similar strategies would occur again.1-3 Committees were struck by the major associations, and many conference sessions on lighting quality were convened.The definition of lighting quality most widely adopted in these discussions has been an emergent one, in which lighting quality is the degree of excellence achieved, in terms of meeting human needs 4 and integration of these outcomes with energy conservation and architecture.5 Veitch and Newsham...

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“…Dependent on the controlling mechanisms, many lighting types can flicker at a rate that is a function of the frequency of the electrical source (Alliance for Solid-State Illumination Systems and Technologies 2012). Consciously imperceptible to the human vision system, although under some circumstances nonetheless capable of eliciting biological responses (e.g., Berman et al 1991;Burns et al 1992), this can be detected by the vision systems of a diversity of other organisms (Woo et al 2009;Inger et al 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits and costs of artificial nighttime lighting of the environment

Gaston

Bennie

2015

Environ. Rev.

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Artificial lighting has transformed the outdoor nighttime environment over large areas, modifying natural cycles of light in terms of timing, wavelength, and distribution. This has had widespread benefits and costs to humankind, impacting on health and wellbeing, vehicle accidents, crime, energy consumption and carbon emissions, aesthetics, and wildlife and ecosystems. Here, we review these effects, particularly in the context of ongoing developments in the extent of artificial lighting and in the prevalent technologies being employed. The key issue that emerges is how best to maximize the benefits of artificial nighttime lighting whilst limiting the costs. To do so, three main strategies are required. First, important knowledge gaps need to be filled. Second, there is an urgent need to connect the research being conducted in different disciplines, which to date has been very disjointed. Third, it is imperative that much firmer and well-developed links are made between research, policy, and practice.Key words: accidents, aesthetics, crime, ecosystems, health, light pollution, lighting, night, sky glow, wellbeing.Résumé : L'éclairage artificiel a transformé l'environnement nocturne extérieur sur de grandes superficies, modifiant les cycles naturels de la lumière en terme de temps, de longueurs d'ondes et de distribution. Ceci s'est traduit par des coûts et bénéfices largement étendus pour l'humanité, affectant la santé et le bien-être, les accidents d'automobile, le crime, la consommation d'énergie et les émissions de carbones, l'esthétique ainsi que la faune et les écosystèmes. Les auteurs passent en revue ces effets, particulièrement dans le contexte de développement continu dans l'extension de l'éclairage artificiel et dans les technologies dominantes mises en oeuvre. La problématique clé qui en émerge consiste à savoir comment maximiser le mieux possible les bénéfices de l'éclairage nocturne artificiel tout en limitant les coûts. Pour atteindre cet objectif, trois stratégies principales s'imposent. Il faut d'abord combler des déficiences de connaissances. Deuxièmement, il existe un urgent besoin d'intégrer les travaux de recherche conduits dans diverses disciplines, lesquels ont été conduits de façon disparate jusqu'ici. Et troisièmement, il est impératif que des liens beaucoup plus solides et mieux développés se développent entre la recherche, les politiques et la pratique. [Traduit par la Redaction]

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Human Electroretinogram Responses to Video Displays, Fluorescent Lighting, and Other High Frequency Sources

Cited by 153 publications

References 0 publications

Visual stress, its treatment with spectral filters, and its relationship to visually induced motion sickness

Visual stress, its treatment with spectral filters, and its relationship to visually induced motion sickness

Lighting Quality Contributions from Biopsychological Processes

Benefits and costs of artificial nighttime lighting of the environment

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