Human Factors in space vehicle design

Holden, Kritina; Boyer, Jennifer; Ezer, Neta; Holubec, K; Sándor, Anikó; Stephens, John-Paul

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2012.10.020

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…If the brightness ratio of the field of view environment is between 3:1 and 5:1, then the human eye can adapt to the environment for a long time. When the brightness ratio increases, the luminous flux of the light source needs to be increased to prevent eye irritation and visual fatigue of the astronauts [3]. In the local environment, the ideal illuminance value matches the requirements in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effects and Challenges of Operational Lighting Illuminance in Spacecraft on Human Visual Acuity

Jiang

Schlacht³

et al. 2021

Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

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For large-scale manned spacecraft bound for the Moon and Mars, lighting should be explored that can reduce safety risks while increasing visual capability. The use of ap-propriate lighting in large-scale manned spacecraft can provide astronauts with a comfortable and safe living and working environment while reducing the energy consumption of the lighting equipment. Visual acuity is an important aspect of the quality of the light environment. It directly determines the human eye's ability to discern details and has an important impact on visual ergonomics and the efficiency of receiving visual information. In this study, we investigated changes in the human eye's visual acuity in a simulated spacecraft environment under three illuminances. 18 healthy persons participated in the study and tested binocular vision under three illuminance light environments. The results show that the amount of change in visual acuity decreased as the il-luminance value increased, the rate of decrease gradually slowed down and eventually tended to be flat. We found that with 200 lx as the dividing line, increasing the illuminance value at low illuminance can significantly improve visual acuity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effects and Challenges of Operational Lighting Illuminance in Spacecraft on Human Visual Acuity

Jiang

Schlacht³

et al. 2021

Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

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“…The same benefits apply in the context of maritime technology (Costa 2016;Costa et al 2015;Costa and Lützhöft 2014;Grech et al 2008;Österman 2012). The implementation of usability evaluation methods is about having subject-matter experts examine the usability-related aspects of a design/user interface (Hornbaek 2006;Jordan 1998;Lewis 2014;Nielsen and Mack 1994), fostering a human-centered design process (Holden et al 2013;Jordan 1998;Maguire 2001). A lack of user involvement might implicate the risk that the new technology does not fit the user, the purpose and context of use in actual practice, that adaptation from the operator is required (Grech et al 2008) and user acceptance is diminished (Norman 2013).…”

Section: Route Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing a maritime service website prototype in a ship bridge simulator: navigators’ experiences and perceptions of novel e-Navigation solutions

Costa

Jakobsen

Weber

et al. 2018

WMU J Marit Affairs

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The aim of this study was to assess proof of concept and usability of a maritime service website prototype in a full-mission ship bridge simulator through Swedish mariners' experiences and perceptions. This test was part of the European Commission's EfficienSea2 project for e-navigation. The prototype was intended as an aid to existing standard systems and methodologies for planning, executing and monitoring voyages. The study began with 5 days of simulator trials focused on today's standard practices. This served as a baseline to compare to subsequent 4 days of simulator trials testing the prototype. For data collection, observations, video footage, interviews, and eye tracking were used. Data analysis included breaking apart the qualitative data to capture the perceptions of the participants, and a preliminary analysis of eye-tracking data as a complement. The results suggested that the prototype could be more suitable for a route planning stage, that the participants were familiar with similar existing solutions from other manufacturers, and that the contents of the tool would be most beneficial if integrated within the Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS). There is a pressing need for the novel solutions to be user needs-driven, integrated with the existing technologies, and standardized across the domain, and these processes must go hand-in-hand with accounting for all involved stakeholders, procedures, regulations, and training, as this will alter the course of shipping.

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“…Thus, NASA's Orion spacecraft is being designed and built to take humans farther into deep space. Orion is planned to be the exploration vehicle to take a human crew to space as well as to provide emergency abort capability, sustain the crew during the travel, and ensure safe re-entry from deep space due to extremely high return velocities [1,2]. Although mission control will be monitoring the spaceflight and providing instructions to the crew, they will need a way to monitor the vehicle status and to control the vehicle independently, especially in emergency situations including loss of communication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%