Human genetic variation and health: new assessment approaches based on ethnogenetic layering

Jackson, Fatimah

doi:10.1093/bmb/ldh012

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Parra et al 2003;Jackson 2004;Helgason et al 2005). Geographic ancestry has also in many instances been considered a useful device for making inferences about an individual's ancestry, which may help to predict whether a person carries specific genetic risk factors that influence health (cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic Ancestry and Cause-specific Mortality in a National Population

Saarela

Finnäs

2008

Popul Res Policy Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are marked differentials in mortality risks across regions in Finland. No exhaustive explanation to this variation has been provided, however. The aim of this paper is to analyse how geographic ancestry, as proxied by persons' birth region and population group, interrelates with cause-specific mortality risks. Focusing on people aged between their mid-thirties and late-forties, we use longitudinal population register data that offer opportunities to account for variables that represent both persons' social background and their own social status at young adult age. Results of Cox proportional hazard models say that these variables have substantial effects on mortality of different causes, but only a marginal impact on the variation in death rates by birth region and population group. The geographic mortality pattern is found to be specifically prominent for causes of death that are fairly unrelated to persons' lifestyles. Our findings suggest that genetic predisposal as expressed in terms of geographic ancestry might play a relevant role in understanding mortality variation within the population of Finland.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic Ancestry and Cause-specific Mortality in a National Population

Saarela

Finnäs

2008

Popul Res Policy Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Assessing 400 years of genetic variation data should allow for the observation of any microethnic substructure (Microethnic substructure refers to within group population stratification that is the result of local patterns of social and cultural identity. Microethnic substructure occurs within macroethnic (i.e., socio‐racial) groupings; Jackson, 2004, 2008) and the identification of relevant polymorphisms contributing to the etiology of HTN and stroke in this group. The historically recent 400 years of the transatlantic trade in enslaved Africans from West and West Central Africa and their transport to the Americas via the Middle Passage may have exposed these forced migrants to selection for electrolyte conservation (Jackson, 1991).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What could you do with 400 years of biological history on african americans? Evaluating the potential scientific benefit of systematic studies of dental and skeletal materials on African Americans from the 17th through 20th centuries

Jackson

Cross

et al. 2016

American J Hum Biol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesHow important is it to be able to reconstruct the lives of a highly diverse, historically recent macroethnic group over the course of 400 years? How many insights into human evolutionary biology and disease susceptibilities could be gained, even with this relatively recent window into the past? In this article, we explore the potential ramifications of a newly constructed dataset of Four Centuries of African American Biological Variation (4Cs).MethodsThis article provides initial lists of digitized variables formatted as SQL tables for the 17th and 18th century samples and for the 19th and 20th century samples.ResultsThis database is dynamic and new information is added yearly. The database provides novel opportunities for significant insights into the past biological history of this group and three case study applications are detailed for comparative computational systems biology studies of (1) hypertension, (2) the oral microbiome, and (3) mental health disorders.ConclusionsThe 4Cs dataset is ideal for interdisciplinary “next generation” science research and these data represent a unique step toward the accumulation of historically contextualized Big Data on an underrepresented group known to have experienced differential survival over time. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:510–513, 2016. © 2016 The Authors American Journal of Human Biology Published byWiley Periodicals, Inc.

show abstract

“…This different form of behavioral change has shown equally capable of influencing genetic change, and the persistence of type 2 diabetes. One must remember that diet, along with subsistence, infectious disease, and other sociocultural and environmental filters must be given the attention they deserve in the study of any worldly distributed disorder (Jackson, 2004). Both these filters-by their ability to fill the gap and complicate the pathway between a coded genotype and an expressed phenotype-and the regional subtleties already described have a lot to tell us if we are willing to listen.…”

Section: An Analogymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Study and Meta-Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Research

Gracia¹

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the last decade, a new wave of inspired research surrounding a transcription factor's role in blood-sugar homeostasis has emerged. Transcription Factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2 or TCF4), a member of the Wnt signaling pathway, is intimately involved in suppressing glucagon synthesis. It also may affect β-cell function. Regiospecific trends concerning the selection of its molecular variants, their dependency on environmental and behavioral changes, and their relative associations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have become well documented. This dynamic and nuanced understanding of one T2D risk factor should be desired in all other phases of study. An open and incorporative mindset such as this can revitalize the research field.

show abstract

Human genetic variation and health: new assessment approaches based on ethnogenetic layering

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

Geographic Ancestry and Cause-specific Mortality in a National Population

Geographic Ancestry and Cause-specific Mortality in a National Population

What could you do with 400 years of biological history on african americans? Evaluating the potential scientific benefit of systematic studies of dental and skeletal materials on African Americans from the 17th through 20th centuries

A Case Study and Meta-Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About